EPE Association: EPE 2022 - DS3q: On-Board Power Converters

EPE 2022 - DS3q: On-Board Power Converters
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2022 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2022 - Topic 08: Electric Vehicle Propulsion Systems and their Energy Storage > EPE 2022 - DS3q: On-Board Power Converters

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   A Universal Single Stage Current-fed Bidirectional Converter with both AC and DC Input Power Source Compatibility
By Manish KUMAR [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This article demonstrates a universal, single power conversion stage (1-S) current-fed bidirectional converter based on-board electric vehicle (EV) charger (OBC). The converter can be connected to either residential ac utility gird or solar photovoltaic (PV) array. Additionally, when connected to ac grid, the converter maintains unity power factor (UPF) and when connected to PV array, the power is extracted at the maximum power point (MPP). A laboratory prototype of 1.5 kW is developed to validate the theoretical analysis and can be connected to 230 V, 50 Hz ac mains voltage or 100-300 V PV array. The battery voltage range is of 300-400 V.

   A V2G-enabled Seven-level Buck PFC Rectifier for EV Charging Application
By Anekant JAIN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This article presents a novel bidirectional multilevel buck rectifier with power factor correction for the charging systems of currently available commercialized electric vehicles. As it synthesizes seven voltage levels, the proposed rectifier entails low harmonics. This rectifier enables grid-to-vehicle (G2V) operation in buck mode and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation in boost mode. The proposed topology utilizes the switched capacitors principle to achieve a self-voltage balancing of the capacitors. Experimental results are presented to validate the proposed rectifier.

   An EV Integrated isolated DC charger using a six-phase synchronous machine
By Sukhjit SINGH [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents an integrated DC charger using a six-phase synchronous machine with two isolated neutrals. The synchronous motor provides isolation between the DC grid and the battery and does not require a separate transformer. Control techniques are developed which allow charging without generating electromechanical torque inside the machine. The concept is validated experimentally using a six-phase, wound field synchronous machine (WFSM), showing isolated DC charging with zero torque production. Simulation results using an equivalent permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) model are provided, indicating the potential for this system as a means to achieve high-power, high-efficiency isolated DC charging.

   Bidirectional Cuk Converter in Partial-Power Architecture with Current Mode Control for Battery Energy Storage System in Electric Vehicles
By Jesús Sergio ARTAL-SEVIL [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a partial-power processing architecture intended for an on-board charger. This module is integrated into a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). This model allows us to easily control the charge-discharge current of the LiFePO4 battery, as well as the current injection on the DC-bus (V2G). The architecture used in the partial-power processing is based on the non-isolated bidirectional Cuk converter, with average current mode control. The purpose has been to compare both topologies, Full-Power and Partial-Power, to observe the advantages and disadvantages that each on-board charger design offers. Partial architecture has some advantages such as high power density, small size, decrease stress on devices, as the DC-DC converter only processes a fraction of the total power. Thus, the purpose of this paper has been to analyze and explore the usefulness of the non-isolated bidirectional Cuk converter with partial-power processing architecture in battery charging systems in electric vehicles. The effectiveness of the strategy has been validated by the Matlab/Simulink software simulation.

   Comparison of Dual-Active-Bridge-based Topologies for single-phase single-stage EV On-board Chargers
By Daniel GAONA [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Single-stage on-board chargers for EVs are an attractive solution as they reduce the number ofconverters stages leading to potential increments in power density and cost reduction. Dual-active-bridge (DAB) topologies are particularly attractive for these applications as they offer a largevoltage conversion range, isolation, and relatively simple controllability. Several DAB-basedsingle-stage AC-DC topologies can be found in the literature; however, a comparison of saidtopologies has not been yet been presented. Filling the gap, this paper presents and comparesthe most promising DAB-based topologies used for single-stage OBC applications. For thispurpose, a multi-objective optimization with a Pareto-front is used. Apart from the design ofthe main components, EMI filters are designed for each topology and their size is considered aspart of the evaluation.

   Cost and efficiency considerations in On-board Chargers
By Marija JANKOVIC [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Silicon Carbide (SiC) is an enabling technology for highly efficient power train applications such as traction inverters and on-board chargers (OBC). SiC is foreseen as a dominating power device technology in premium vehicles. However, in compact electric and hybrid vehicles a market share with Silicon is also expected - setting high demands regarding efficiency and cost.

   Multi-Frequency Traction-to-Auxiliary Integrated EV Drivetrain: Eliminating the Need for an Auxiliary Power Module
By Caniggia VIANA [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Leveraging multi-frequency power transfer in the drivetrain, a solution is presented to eliminate the auxiliary power modulein electric vehicles. The concept exploits energy harvesting from the drivetrain switching to achieve traction-to-auxiliary powertransfer. Only a compensation capacitor, high-frequency transformer, diode rectifier, and a CL filter are added to the drivetrain.Simulations and experimental verification are conducted to validate the proposed system.

   PCB Technology Comparison Enabling a 900V SiC MOSFET Half Bridge Design For Automotive Traction Inverters
By Matthias SPIELER [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The design of automotive traction inverters for an 800 V dc-bus typically utilize 1.2 kV silicon carbide (SiC) metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET). The 1.2 kV power devices allow for high overshoot voltages during switching transients but experience a high on-state resistance due to the die's thick drift layer region. This paper proposes the usage of 900 V SiC MOSFETs for 800 V automotive traction inverter applications. The proposed half-bridge design combines discrete power semiconductors and the dc-link capacitor on one printed circuit board (PCB). This design approach enables a small current commutation loop and thus a small overshoot voltage. Three different PCB technologies are compared based on their suitability for the traction inverter application. An 800 V half-bridge prototype is designed, simulated, and tested. Measurement results are provided and show an overshoot voltage of 49.6 V at a switching speed of 69 V/ns under maximum load conditions.

   Performance Enhancement of Power Conditioning Systems in More Electric Aircrafts
By Nick RIGOGIANNIS [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Power quality improvement constitutes a critical issue in the DC distribution networks of modern and future More Electric Aircrafts (MEAs). In this paper, an improved control strategy for power conditioning systems (i.e., aiming to mitigate DC bus voltage transients, mainly in feeders with critical loads) in MEA microgrids is proposed, to enhance the system dynamics. The studied power conditioner is based on the widely proposed bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter configuration, along with a supercapacitor bank. The proposed controller design enhances the system performance, employing an effective control loop (based on a current control method), taking into consideration the detailed converter average model, so as to enhance the performance of conventional power conditioning systems during transient operation. The proposed control strategy is validated by experimental tests, presented on a SiC-based scaled-down hardware prototype.

   Triple-Phase-Shift Controlled Dual Active Bridge Converter with Variable Input Voltage in Auxiliary Railway Supply
By Martin SCOHIER [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Modern railway auxiliary supply uses a Dual-Active-Bridge whose input voltage, subject to variations,is regulated by means of a front-end boost stage. With the aim of gaining weight and simplicity, thispaper proposes to implement Triple-Phase-Shift modulation in order to maintain high performance when this front-end stage is removed. Analytical models including a more accurate magnetic power losses calculation are developed and results in terms of efficiency are presented for comparison.

EPE 2022 - DS3q: On-Board Power Converters
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2022 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2022 - Topic 08: Electric Vehicle Propulsion Systems and their Energy Storage > EPE 2022 - DS3q: On-Board Power Converters
	[return to parent folder]

	A Universal Single Stage Current-fed Bidirectional Converter with both AC and DC Input Power Source Compatibility By Manish KUMAR	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This article demonstrates a universal, single power conversion stage (1-S) current-fed bidirectional converter based on-board electric vehicle (EV) charger (OBC). The converter can be connected to either residential ac utility gird or solar photovoltaic (PV) array. Additionally, when connected to ac grid, the converter maintains unity power factor (UPF) and when connected to PV array, the power is extracted at the maximum power point (MPP). A laboratory prototype of 1.5 kW is developed to validate the theoretical analysis and can be connected to 230 V, 50 Hz ac mains voltage or 100-300 V PV array. The battery voltage range is of 300-400 V.

	A V2G-enabled Seven-level Buck PFC Rectifier for EV Charging Application By Anekant JAIN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This article presents a novel bidirectional multilevel buck rectifier with power factor correction for the charging systems of currently available commercialized electric vehicles. As it synthesizes seven voltage levels, the proposed rectifier entails low harmonics. This rectifier enables grid-to-vehicle (G2V) operation in buck mode and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation in boost mode. The proposed topology utilizes the switched capacitors principle to achieve a self-voltage balancing of the capacitors. Experimental results are presented to validate the proposed rectifier.

	An EV Integrated isolated DC charger using a six-phase synchronous machine By Sukhjit SINGH	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents an integrated DC charger using a six-phase synchronous machine with two isolated neutrals. The synchronous motor provides isolation between the DC grid and the battery and does not require a separate transformer. Control techniques are developed which allow charging without generating electromechanical torque inside the machine. The concept is validated experimentally using a six-phase, wound field synchronous machine (WFSM), showing isolated DC charging with zero torque production. Simulation results using an equivalent permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) model are provided, indicating the potential for this system as a means to achieve high-power, high-efficiency isolated DC charging.

	Bidirectional Cuk Converter in Partial-Power Architecture with Current Mode Control for Battery Energy Storage System in Electric Vehicles By Jesús Sergio ARTAL-SEVIL	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a partial-power processing architecture intended for an on-board charger. This module is integrated into a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). This model allows us to easily control the charge-discharge current of the LiFePO4 battery, as well as the current injection on the DC-bus (V2G). The architecture used in the partial-power processing is based on the non-isolated bidirectional Cuk converter, with average current mode control. The purpose has been to compare both topologies, Full-Power and Partial-Power, to observe the advantages and disadvantages that each on-board charger design offers. Partial architecture has some advantages such as high power density, small size, decrease stress on devices, as the DC-DC converter only processes a fraction of the total power. Thus, the purpose of this paper has been to analyze and explore the usefulness of the non-isolated bidirectional Cuk converter with partial-power processing architecture in battery charging systems in electric vehicles. The effectiveness of the strategy has been validated by the Matlab/Simulink software simulation.

	Comparison of Dual-Active-Bridge-based Topologies for single-phase single-stage EV On-board Chargers By Daniel GAONA	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Single-stage on-board chargers for EVs are an attractive solution as they reduce the number ofconverters stages leading to potential increments in power density and cost reduction. Dual-active-bridge (DAB) topologies are particularly attractive for these applications as they offer a largevoltage conversion range, isolation, and relatively simple controllability. Several DAB-basedsingle-stage AC-DC topologies can be found in the literature; however, a comparison of saidtopologies has not been yet been presented. Filling the gap, this paper presents and comparesthe most promising DAB-based topologies used for single-stage OBC applications. For thispurpose, a multi-objective optimization with a Pareto-front is used. Apart from the design ofthe main components, EMI filters are designed for each topology and their size is considered aspart of the evaluation.

	Cost and efficiency considerations in On-board Chargers By Marija JANKOVIC	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Silicon Carbide (SiC) is an enabling technology for highly efficient power train applications such as traction inverters and on-board chargers (OBC). SiC is foreseen as a dominating power device technology in premium vehicles. However, in compact electric and hybrid vehicles a market share with Silicon is also expected - setting high demands regarding efficiency and cost.

	Multi-Frequency Traction-to-Auxiliary Integrated EV Drivetrain: Eliminating the Need for an Auxiliary Power Module By Caniggia VIANA	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Leveraging multi-frequency power transfer in the drivetrain, a solution is presented to eliminate the auxiliary power modulein electric vehicles. The concept exploits energy harvesting from the drivetrain switching to achieve traction-to-auxiliary powertransfer. Only a compensation capacitor, high-frequency transformer, diode rectifier, and a CL filter are added to the drivetrain.Simulations and experimental verification are conducted to validate the proposed system.

	PCB Technology Comparison Enabling a 900V SiC MOSFET Half Bridge Design For Automotive Traction Inverters By Matthias SPIELER	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The design of automotive traction inverters for an 800 V dc-bus typically utilize 1.2 kV silicon carbide (SiC) metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET). The 1.2 kV power devices allow for high overshoot voltages during switching transients but experience a high on-state resistance due to the die's thick drift layer region. This paper proposes the usage of 900 V SiC MOSFETs for 800 V automotive traction inverter applications. The proposed half-bridge design combines discrete power semiconductors and the dc-link capacitor on one printed circuit board (PCB). This design approach enables a small current commutation loop and thus a small overshoot voltage. Three different PCB technologies are compared based on their suitability for the traction inverter application. An 800 V half-bridge prototype is designed, simulated, and tested. Measurement results are provided and show an overshoot voltage of 49.6 V at a switching speed of 69 V/ns under maximum load conditions.

	Performance Enhancement of Power Conditioning Systems in More Electric Aircrafts By Nick RIGOGIANNIS	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Power quality improvement constitutes a critical issue in the DC distribution networks of modern and future More Electric Aircrafts (MEAs). In this paper, an improved control strategy for power conditioning systems (i.e., aiming to mitigate DC bus voltage transients, mainly in feeders with critical loads) in MEA microgrids is proposed, to enhance the system dynamics. The studied power conditioner is based on the widely proposed bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter configuration, along with a supercapacitor bank. The proposed controller design enhances the system performance, employing an effective control loop (based on a current control method), taking into consideration the detailed converter average model, so as to enhance the performance of conventional power conditioning systems during transient operation. The proposed control strategy is validated by experimental tests, presented on a SiC-based scaled-down hardware prototype.

	Triple-Phase-Shift Controlled Dual Active Bridge Converter with Variable Input Voltage in Auxiliary Railway Supply By Martin SCOHIER	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Modern railway auxiliary supply uses a Dual-Active-Bridge whose input voltage, subject to variations,is regulated by means of a front-end boost stage. With the aim of gaining weight and simplicity, thispaper proposes to implement Triple-Phase-Shift modulation in order to maintain high performance when this front-end stage is removed. Analytical models including a more accurate magnetic power losses calculation are developed and results in terms of efficiency are presented for comparison.