EPE Association: EPE 2023 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Modulation Techniques

EPE 2023 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Modulation Techniques
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2023 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2023 - Topic 04: Electrical Machines and Drive Systems > EPE 2023 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Modulation Techniques

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   A Simple Two-zone Overmodulation Implementation for Three-Phase Two-Level Inverters
By Gopikrishnan K, Sumit PRAMANICK [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The standard two-zone overmodulation scheme is widely used for overmodulation implementation and provides the best performance among various overmodulation schemes presented in the literature. This paper proposes an alternative implementation strategy for Two-zone overmodulation, ideal for carrier-based implementation.The proposed algorithm is extremely simple and does not involve online timing calculations. The theoretical background developed is verified using simulations in Matlab/Simulink. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated by implementation on a readily available32-bit DSP (TMS320F28379D) for V/F speed control of a 5-Hp induction motor drive.

   Communication-less Carrier Synchronization Method for Variable Frequency PWM
By Yayue CAO, Miao MIAO, Liujie XIAO, Tao XU, Feng GAO, Xingjian ZHAO [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The variable frequency PWM (VFPWM) can effectively reduce EMI of the output current. Based on that, this digest will propose a communication-less carrier synchronization for VFPWM (CS-VFPWM). Doing so, the switching harmonics can be further attenuated among parallel inverters. The basic structure and principles of the communication-less CS-VFPWM is presented in this digest. Then, the down-scale prototypes are used to verify the proposed method.

   Continuous Sinusoidal Output Voltage Generation with a Single Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Converter
By Tobias MERZ, Nikolas MENGER, Fabian SOMMER, Rüdiger SCHWENDEMANN, Marc HILLER [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper introduces an algorithm to calculatethe trajectories of both, the output voltages ofa Cascaded H-Bridge converter and the controlled voltageof the supplying Dual Active Bridge to provide aperfectly smooth output voltage with only very smallfilter components. In this contribution the principle isdemonstrated by the generation of a sinusoidal outputvoltage. After presenting the necessary topology of theconverter the mathematical description for the equationsfor the continuous output operation mode are explained.Measurements at a 8kW prototype verify the workingprinciple.

   Discontinuous Pulse Width Modulation for Improving Reliability of NPC Inverter operated at High Modulation Index
By Jae-Heon CHOI, Ui-Min CHOI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In a 3-level NPC inverter, the power devices and DC-link capacitors are considered the most reliability-critical components, and their wear-out failure is mainly caused by thermal loading due to power loss. It is found in a previous study that the Discontinuous Pulse Width Modulation reduces the power loss of the power devices and improves the reliability of power devices. However, it reduces the reliability of the DC-link capacitor, and thus the reliability of the NPC inverter. This paper proposes a DPWM method to improve the reliability of the NPC inverter by reducing the power losses of both the power devices and DC-link capacitors. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulations and experiments.

   Discontinuous PWM for Improving Reliability and Efficiency of Single-Phase Five-Level T-type NPC Inverter with reduced Harmonic Distortion
By Taerim RYU, Ui-Min CHOI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The DPWM aggravates the reliability of DC-link capacitors and the THD of the output current. This paper proposes the DPWM method to improve the reliability of DC-link capacitors and the output current THD compared with conventional DPWM while keeping its advantages of reducing the power loss and junction temperature.

   Improved DC-Charging for Traction Drives with Hybrid Powered Dual Two-Level Inverter
By Kai KUHLMANN, Johannes TEIGELKOETTER, Johannes BUEDEL [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This contribution aims to present a new concept for power sharing of traction drives supplied by local DC grids such as partly or full equipped trolley wire nets. Therefore, a dual two-level inverter with two separate energy storages and an open-end winding machine is used. New control algorithms allow the charging of the energy sources whether two batteries, a combination of a battery and a fuel cell or a combination of battery and a flying capacitor is used. Within the scope of battery performance, this application is able to absorb or deliver the required power from a DC grid and still feed the electrical machine to enable a driving movement of the electric vehicle. As the presented concepts enable voltage balancing due to different battery loads and the use of only one dynamic energy storage in the charging operation, the shown application aims to achieve the high utilization of an electric vehicle powered by a (partly equipped) DC-grid.

   Instantaneous Flux and Current Control for Three-Phase Multi-Active-Bridge DC-DC Converters
By André THÖNNESSEN, Carsten FRONCZEK, Rik W. DE DONCKER [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The three-phase multi-active bridge is an excellent topology for coupling multiple dc-grids using a single converter. In this paper, a universal open-loop control algorithm is presented to avoid dc-bias transformer currents and magnetic saturation even in transient operation of the converter. The instantaneous flux and current control (IFCC) method known from the DAB is extended so that it can be applied to converters with any number of ports. To enable the extension, a mathematical and more general modeling of the transformer is used. The double-side single phase-shift operation is derived and applied to the new transformer modeling, allowing for maximum control algorithm dynamics.

   Modulation methods for loss and harmonicdistortion minimization of a current source rectifier
By Kubilay SAHIN, Sebastien MARIETHOZ [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Current source rectifier are attractive as a solution to step down grid voltage with a single conversion stage. 3 modulation schemes are proposed that improve the performance of this topology. The one modulation leads to smallest switching losses, the other to smallest harmonic distortion. The proposed solutions are analyzed, implemented and experimentally verified.

   Power Oscillation Damping from VSC-HVDC Connected Offshore Wind Farms using DC Link Braking Chopper
By Minxiao WANG, Alvaro HERNANDEZ MANCHOLA, Alexander RAAB, Gert MEHLMANN, Matthias LUTHER [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive study of power oscillation damping (POD) in voltage source converter-based high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) connected offshore wind farms (OWFs) using a DC link braking chopper. The equations and control concepts of the VSC-HVDC model are explained. A DC chopperbased fault ride-through (FRT) control strategy for onshore faults is described. Based on the FRT control concept, a novel DC chopper-based POD control strategy is presented. The aim of the control is to improve the damping ratio of both local and inter-area oscillations using the structure of a power system stabilizer (PSS). Modal analysis, small-signal damping torque analysis, and time-domain analysis are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Case studies are conducted on the Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) and the IEEE 39 bus system. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller in damping both local and inter-area oscillation modes. The controller effectively reduces the oscillation magnitudes, resulting in improved system stability and responses.

   Robust Optimized Pulse Patterns for Salient Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines
By Orcun KARACA, Ioannis TSOUMAS [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Past studies formulated optimized pulse pattern (OPP) problem for permanent-magnet synchronous machines with magnetic saliency. Calculating these OPPs requires the exact inductances, whereas in practice these values are estimated via identification methods, and may vary depending on other system quantities. To this end, we formulate robust OPPs considering the minimization of the worst-case current harmonic distortion. We show that the original problem is amenable to a size reduction via the Pareto frontier of a certain nonlinear transformation of the given uncertainty set. Case studies show the improvement via reduction and robust formulation.

EPE 2023 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Modulation Techniques
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2023 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2023 - Topic 04: Electrical Machines and Drive Systems > EPE 2023 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Modulation Techniques
	[return to parent folder]

	A Simple Two-zone Overmodulation Implementation for Three-Phase Two-Level Inverters By Gopikrishnan K, Sumit PRAMANICK	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The standard two-zone overmodulation scheme is widely used for overmodulation implementation and provides the best performance among various overmodulation schemes presented in the literature. This paper proposes an alternative implementation strategy for Two-zone overmodulation, ideal for carrier-based implementation.The proposed algorithm is extremely simple and does not involve online timing calculations. The theoretical background developed is verified using simulations in Matlab/Simulink. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated by implementation on a readily available32-bit DSP (TMS320F28379D) for V/F speed control of a 5-Hp induction motor drive.

	Communication-less Carrier Synchronization Method for Variable Frequency PWM By Yayue CAO, Miao MIAO, Liujie XIAO, Tao XU, Feng GAO, Xingjian ZHAO	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The variable frequency PWM (VFPWM) can effectively reduce EMI of the output current. Based on that, this digest will propose a communication-less carrier synchronization for VFPWM (CS-VFPWM). Doing so, the switching harmonics can be further attenuated among parallel inverters. The basic structure and principles of the communication-less CS-VFPWM is presented in this digest. Then, the down-scale prototypes are used to verify the proposed method.

	Continuous Sinusoidal Output Voltage Generation with a Single Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Converter By Tobias MERZ, Nikolas MENGER, Fabian SOMMER, Rüdiger SCHWENDEMANN, Marc HILLER	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper introduces an algorithm to calculatethe trajectories of both, the output voltages ofa Cascaded H-Bridge converter and the controlled voltageof the supplying Dual Active Bridge to provide aperfectly smooth output voltage with only very smallfilter components. In this contribution the principle isdemonstrated by the generation of a sinusoidal outputvoltage. After presenting the necessary topology of theconverter the mathematical description for the equationsfor the continuous output operation mode are explained.Measurements at a 8kW prototype verify the workingprinciple.

	Discontinuous Pulse Width Modulation for Improving Reliability of NPC Inverter operated at High Modulation Index By Jae-Heon CHOI, Ui-Min CHOI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In a 3-level NPC inverter, the power devices and DC-link capacitors are considered the most reliability-critical components, and their wear-out failure is mainly caused by thermal loading due to power loss. It is found in a previous study that the Discontinuous Pulse Width Modulation reduces the power loss of the power devices and improves the reliability of power devices. However, it reduces the reliability of the DC-link capacitor, and thus the reliability of the NPC inverter. This paper proposes a DPWM method to improve the reliability of the NPC inverter by reducing the power losses of both the power devices and DC-link capacitors. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulations and experiments.

	Discontinuous PWM for Improving Reliability and Efficiency of Single-Phase Five-Level T-type NPC Inverter with reduced Harmonic Distortion By Taerim RYU, Ui-Min CHOI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The DPWM aggravates the reliability of DC-link capacitors and the THD of the output current. This paper proposes the DPWM method to improve the reliability of DC-link capacitors and the output current THD compared with conventional DPWM while keeping its advantages of reducing the power loss and junction temperature.

	Improved DC-Charging for Traction Drives with Hybrid Powered Dual Two-Level Inverter By Kai KUHLMANN, Johannes TEIGELKOETTER, Johannes BUEDEL	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This contribution aims to present a new concept for power sharing of traction drives supplied by local DC grids such as partly or full equipped trolley wire nets. Therefore, a dual two-level inverter with two separate energy storages and an open-end winding machine is used. New control algorithms allow the charging of the energy sources whether two batteries, a combination of a battery and a fuel cell or a combination of battery and a flying capacitor is used. Within the scope of battery performance, this application is able to absorb or deliver the required power from a DC grid and still feed the electrical machine to enable a driving movement of the electric vehicle. As the presented concepts enable voltage balancing due to different battery loads and the use of only one dynamic energy storage in the charging operation, the shown application aims to achieve the high utilization of an electric vehicle powered by a (partly equipped) DC-grid.

	Instantaneous Flux and Current Control for Three-Phase Multi-Active-Bridge DC-DC Converters By André THÖNNESSEN, Carsten FRONCZEK, Rik W. DE DONCKER	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The three-phase multi-active bridge is an excellent topology for coupling multiple dc-grids using a single converter. In this paper, a universal open-loop control algorithm is presented to avoid dc-bias transformer currents and magnetic saturation even in transient operation of the converter. The instantaneous flux and current control (IFCC) method known from the DAB is extended so that it can be applied to converters with any number of ports. To enable the extension, a mathematical and more general modeling of the transformer is used. The double-side single phase-shift operation is derived and applied to the new transformer modeling, allowing for maximum control algorithm dynamics.

	Modulation methods for loss and harmonicdistortion minimization of a current source rectifier By Kubilay SAHIN, Sebastien MARIETHOZ	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Current source rectifier are attractive as a solution to step down grid voltage with a single conversion stage. 3 modulation schemes are proposed that improve the performance of this topology. The one modulation leads to smallest switching losses, the other to smallest harmonic distortion. The proposed solutions are analyzed, implemented and experimentally verified.

	Power Oscillation Damping from VSC-HVDC Connected Offshore Wind Farms using DC Link Braking Chopper By Minxiao WANG, Alvaro HERNANDEZ MANCHOLA, Alexander RAAB, Gert MEHLMANN, Matthias LUTHER	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive study of power oscillation damping (POD) in voltage source converter-based high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) connected offshore wind farms (OWFs) using a DC link braking chopper. The equations and control concepts of the VSC-HVDC model are explained. A DC chopperbased fault ride-through (FRT) control strategy for onshore faults is described. Based on the FRT control concept, a novel DC chopper-based POD control strategy is presented. The aim of the control is to improve the damping ratio of both local and inter-area oscillations using the structure of a power system stabilizer (PSS). Modal analysis, small-signal damping torque analysis, and time-domain analysis are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Case studies are conducted on the Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) and the IEEE 39 bus system. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller in damping both local and inter-area oscillation modes. The controller effectively reduces the oscillation magnitudes, resulting in improved system stability and responses.

	Robust Optimized Pulse Patterns for Salient Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines By Orcun KARACA, Ioannis TSOUMAS	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Past studies formulated optimized pulse pattern (OPP) problem for permanent-magnet synchronous machines with magnetic saliency. Calculating these OPPs requires the exact inductances, whereas in practice these values are estimated via identification methods, and may vary depending on other system quantities. To this end, we formulate robust OPPs considering the minimization of the worst-case current harmonic distortion. We show that the original problem is amenable to a size reduction via the Pareto frontier of a certain nonlinear transformation of the given uncertainty set. Case studies show the improvement via reduction and robust formulation.