EPE Association: EPE 2020 - DS2l: Electric Vehicle Propulsion and their Energy Storage System

EPE 2020 - DS2l: Electric Vehicle Propulsion and their Energy Storage System
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2020 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2020 - Topic 08: Electric Vehicle Propulsion Systems and their Energy Storage > EPE 2020 - DS2l: Electric Vehicle Propulsion and their Energy Storage System

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   An Input-Series Output-Independent Full-Bridge Dual Active Bridge Converter with Soft-Switching Characteristics for Charging and Balancing Electric Vehicle Batt
By Alex MIRTCHEV [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In this paper a multifunctional configuration for charging and balancing a battery stack, using modular converter design approach is proposed. Battery stacks consist of multiple cells to reach the desire voltage level and are conventionally charged altogether. The author proposes that the battery stack is divided into Battery Groups (BGs) that can be independently charged, controllably discharged under load and also balanced. The equations that describe the converter reference current for any state of operation and also permit minimization of the required sensors in the system, are presented. Mathematical modeling and detailed characteristic curves are derived based on the charging profile of the selected battery. The proposed control method relies on Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) and Phase Shift Modulation (PSM) to maintain Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) and accomplish the desired output. The main advantages are the soft-switching characteristics, the flexibility in variable voltage and power levels due to modular design, and the online equalization of the batteries during charging and discharging.

   Characterization of lithium ion supercapacitors
By Zeyang GENG [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A hybrid Li-ion supercapacitor combines a traditional supercapacitor electrode with a Li-ion electrode and thus is expected to offer a high performance in terms of both power density and energy density. In this paper, lithium ion supercapacitors with three sizes, 40 F, 100 F and 270 F, are investigated. Different test methods including cycling at different C-rates and temperatures, pulse tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used to evaluate the energy and power performance. It is found that this new approach reaches a higher energy density without losing much power density compared with traditional supercapacitors. However a power optimized lithium ion battery shows a strong competitiveness over a lithium ion supercapacitor.

   Equivalent Model and Control of a Neutral Point Supply SynRM drive
By Xiaokang ZHANG [View]
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Abstract: Three-phase AC motors fed by the neutral point supply (NPS) topology integrate a DC/DC converter function. In order to clearly explain the mechanism of the integrated DC/DC converter function, the average model and an equivalent circuit of the special topology are developed. Then, a new control strategy is proposed for the topology, in which the motor and the DC-link voltage can be independently controlled. Experiments are implemented on a 1.5 kW synchronous reluctance motor to verify the correctness of these theoretical analyses and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

   Grey Wolf Optimizer Based Predictive Torque Control for Electric Vehicle Applications
By ALI DJERIOUI [View]
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Abstract: In this paper, an improved Predictive Torque Control (PTC) of a PMSM based on Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)is developed for smooth torque operation in electric vehicle applications (EVs). The fuel cell presents the mainsource and it is complemented with a quick power source (supercapacitors). The embedded Grew Wolfoptimizer is used to solve the torque tracking tasks with minimal oscillations at low speed operation of PMSMdrive. The new PTC algorithm can successfully ensure smooth time evolution of the torque and the speed. Thedesign methodology is detailed and the provided simulation results show that the proposed PTC-GWO can beimplemented in simulink, offering high performance in both steady and transient states of the PMSM drives evenat low speed range.

   Loss Minimization of Traction Systems in Battery Electric Vehicles Using Variable DC-link Voltage Technique - Experimental Study
By Libo LIU [View]
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Abstract: A novel variable dc-link voltage technique is proposed to reduce the traction losses for electrical drive applications. A 100-unit cascaded multilevel converter is developed to generate the variable dc-link voltage. Experimental measurement shows that the machine additional losses and IGBT-inverter losses are reduced substantially. The system efficiency enhancement is at least 2\%.

   Two-Layer Genetic Algorithm for the Charge Scheduling of Electric Vehicles
By Nikolaos MILAS [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The advent of Electric Vehicles (EV) may introduce disturbances to the operation of the Power Grid, due to the great demands of electric power that is required during the simultaneous charging of large EV fleets. Towards this end, novel approaches for the management of the EV charging have been proposed in recent literature. Nevertheless, the implementation of a framework that allows flexibility in the definition of the decision-making objectives, along with user-defined criteria is still a challenge. Towards addressing this challenge, a framework for the smart charging of EVs is presented in this paper. The smart charging is facilitated by a two-layer Genetic Algorithm that operates in Charging Stations with various types of chargers that are connected to multiple charging points in a resource-sharing manner. The benefits of the proposed approach are the fast optimisation time, the inclusion of user-defined criteria, and the extraction of feasible solutions considering the availability of the chargers in the station. The communications between the EV and the Charging Station are facilitated by the Open Platform Communications-Unified Architecture (OPC-UA) standard. The proposed algorithm succeeds into finding competitive solutions even during charging scenarios with conflicting criteria.

EPE 2020 - DS2l: Electric Vehicle Propulsion and their Energy Storage System
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2020 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2020 - Topic 08: Electric Vehicle Propulsion Systems and their Energy Storage > EPE 2020 - DS2l: Electric Vehicle Propulsion and their Energy Storage System
	[return to parent folder]

	An Input-Series Output-Independent Full-Bridge Dual Active Bridge Converter with Soft-Switching Characteristics for Charging and Balancing Electric Vehicle Batt By Alex MIRTCHEV	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In this paper a multifunctional configuration for charging and balancing a battery stack, using modular converter design approach is proposed. Battery stacks consist of multiple cells to reach the desire voltage level and are conventionally charged altogether. The author proposes that the battery stack is divided into Battery Groups (BGs) that can be independently charged, controllably discharged under load and also balanced. The equations that describe the converter reference current for any state of operation and also permit minimization of the required sensors in the system, are presented. Mathematical modeling and detailed characteristic curves are derived based on the charging profile of the selected battery. The proposed control method relies on Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) and Phase Shift Modulation (PSM) to maintain Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) and accomplish the desired output. The main advantages are the soft-switching characteristics, the flexibility in variable voltage and power levels due to modular design, and the online equalization of the batteries during charging and discharging.

	Characterization of lithium ion supercapacitors By Zeyang GENG	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A hybrid Li-ion supercapacitor combines a traditional supercapacitor electrode with a Li-ion electrode and thus is expected to offer a high performance in terms of both power density and energy density. In this paper, lithium ion supercapacitors with three sizes, 40 F, 100 F and 270 F, are investigated. Different test methods including cycling at different C-rates and temperatures, pulse tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used to evaluate the energy and power performance. It is found that this new approach reaches a higher energy density without losing much power density compared with traditional supercapacitors. However a power optimized lithium ion battery shows a strong competitiveness over a lithium ion supercapacitor.

	Equivalent Model and Control of a Neutral Point Supply SynRM drive By Xiaokang ZHANG	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Three-phase AC motors fed by the neutral point supply (NPS) topology integrate a DC/DC converter function. In order to clearly explain the mechanism of the integrated DC/DC converter function, the average model and an equivalent circuit of the special topology are developed. Then, a new control strategy is proposed for the topology, in which the motor and the DC-link voltage can be independently controlled. Experiments are implemented on a 1.5 kW synchronous reluctance motor to verify the correctness of these theoretical analyses and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

	Grey Wolf Optimizer Based Predictive Torque Control for Electric Vehicle Applications By ALI DJERIOUI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In this paper, an improved Predictive Torque Control (PTC) of a PMSM based on Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)is developed for smooth torque operation in electric vehicle applications (EVs). The fuel cell presents the mainsource and it is complemented with a quick power source (supercapacitors). The embedded Grew Wolfoptimizer is used to solve the torque tracking tasks with minimal oscillations at low speed operation of PMSMdrive. The new PTC algorithm can successfully ensure smooth time evolution of the torque and the speed. Thedesign methodology is detailed and the provided simulation results show that the proposed PTC-GWO can beimplemented in simulink, offering high performance in both steady and transient states of the PMSM drives evenat low speed range.

	Loss Minimization of Traction Systems in Battery Electric Vehicles Using Variable DC-link Voltage Technique - Experimental Study By Libo LIU	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A novel variable dc-link voltage technique is proposed to reduce the traction losses for electrical drive applications. A 100-unit cascaded multilevel converter is developed to generate the variable dc-link voltage. Experimental measurement shows that the machine additional losses and IGBT-inverter losses are reduced substantially. The system efficiency enhancement is at least 2\%.

	Two-Layer Genetic Algorithm for the Charge Scheduling of Electric Vehicles By Nikolaos MILAS	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The advent of Electric Vehicles (EV) may introduce disturbances to the operation of the Power Grid, due to the great demands of electric power that is required during the simultaneous charging of large EV fleets. Towards this end, novel approaches for the management of the EV charging have been proposed in recent literature. Nevertheless, the implementation of a framework that allows flexibility in the definition of the decision-making objectives, along with user-defined criteria is still a challenge. Towards addressing this challenge, a framework for the smart charging of EVs is presented in this paper. The smart charging is facilitated by a two-layer Genetic Algorithm that operates in Charging Stations with various types of chargers that are connected to multiple charging points in a resource-sharing manner. The benefits of the proposed approach are the fast optimisation time, the inclusion of user-defined criteria, and the extraction of feasible solutions considering the availability of the chargers in the station. The communications between the EV and the Charging Station are facilitated by the Open Platform Communications-Unified Architecture (OPC-UA) standard. The proposed algorithm succeeds into finding competitive solutions even during charging scenarios with conflicting criteria.