EPE Association: EPE 1995 - 41 - Dialogue Session DS5a: Machine/Converter Interactions

EPE 1995 - 41 - Dialogue Session DS5a: Machine/Converter Interactions
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1995 - Conference > EPE 1995 - 41 - Dialogue Session DS5a: Machine/Converter Interactions

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   ROBUST NEURAL ESTIMATOR OF INDUCTION MACHINE LINKAGE FLUX
By L.M. Grzesiak; P. Dabrowski; W. Koczara [View]
[Download]

Abstract: An artificial neural network system is designed to estimate induction cage machine stator, rotor and main linkage amplitude flux in steady-state operation. As an input quantities are: stator voltage and current vectors. The system is trairied on static model of induction cage machine related to non linearity of magnetising curve and the rotor resistance variability.

   COMPARISON OF LOW-COST LOW-VOLTAGE INVERTER-FED INDUCTION MOTOR SYSTEMS
By C. Heller; U. Pischke; D. Sadarnac; J. C. Vannier [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A comparative study has been undertaken in order to clarify some of the design problems which may arise when considering novel motor-inverter systems. This article presents the deduction of the different systems and their consecutive comparison using the classical bridge as reference. Performance tests were carried out on an adaptable prototype system. An example of the experimental results obtained is given, along with system power comparison.

   REDUCTION OF THE PULSATIONS OF THE TORQUE AND REVOLUTIONS AT THE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR FED FROM PWM FREQUENCY CONVERTERS
By J. Bendl; L. Schreier [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Presented paper introduces a design of PWM control based on restriction of torque pulsation and variation of revolutions by means of a convenient choice of shape of integration line of terminal voltages of the machine. Calculated torque and revolutions are criteria of the right choice of shape of the integration line. A course when torque pulsations and variation. of revolutions with 6-fold frequency of fundamental harmonie of feeding voltage are minimised is considered optimum. Further a convenient way of insertion of zero intervals is designed. lt causes decrease of fundamental harmonic of feeding voltage of the machine so that torque pulsations with higher frequency may be as low as possible.

   THE IMPACT OF ENERGY REGENERATION ON ISOLATED ELECTRICAL SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES
By R. Yacamini; H. Bronzeado; I. Gordon [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Power system on pipe-laying barges using anchor/winch system driven by variable speed drives (VSD) may suffer from very poor power factor. Values as low as 0.34 have been measured in the power generators during "move-up" operating conditions. The paper presents a detailed analysis of a typical operating pattern of a pipe-laying barge characterised by sudden load changes during move-up and normal (welding) static conditions. The de drives, as well as the six-pulse thyristor bridge which feeds each de drive are modelled in the time domain giving in full the coupling effect between the VSDs which can operate in the first and fourth quadrants. The effect of energy regeneration is shown and a solution proposed.

   THE EFFECT OF CYCLOCONVERTER DRIVES ON NOISE AND VIBRATION IN ELECTRICAL MACHINES
By S. C. Chang; R. Yacamini [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Full electrical propulsion systems using cycloconverter drives have been proposed for applications such as anti-submarine frigates and cruise liners. In the design of such systems, noise and vibration generated by propulsion motors is of particular interest. This paper will examine the motor airgap radial forces for a system including generators, power electronic drives and propulsion motors and will discuss influences of these calculated forces on motor noise and vibration.

   STABILITY ANALYSIS AND STABILISATION OF AN INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE WITH INPUT FILTER
By B. Delemontey; B. Jacquot; C. Jung; B. De Fornel; J. Bavard [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a stability analysis of a high power induction motor fed with an input filter. The instability characteristics of the system are first described which prove the influence of the input filter, and a stability criterion depending on the consumed power is proposed. The main contribution of this paper is a stabilisation strategy which preserves the well-known field oriented control and guarantees its decoupling properties, taking into account industrial constraints. Using this stratgy with LQ controllers, simulation results in the case of a traction drive verify that the input filter is stabilised during high dynamic torque response of the induction motor.

   STUDY OF STEEP FRONTS IN STATOR WINDINGS OF HIGH VOLTAGE INDUCTION MACHINES SUPPLIED BY 3 LEVEL INVERTERS
By L. Popiel; M. Dessoude; J. P. Reboul [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Electronic adjustable speed driver bring a number of advantages for industrial processes. 3-level GTO inverters currently offer considerable potential for high voltage induction motors. This kind of converter generate pulses with very short rise times which may stress the stator insulation of the motors. In order to determine whether this has a detrimental effect, it is proposed to model the inverter-induction motor combination by incorporating the main physical phenomena of the windings subjected to the steep - fronted surges. The model presented here compute the voltage between turn and ground, and between the turns of a coil. This model is validated by experimental measurements. The principal simulation results show that the interturn voltage would not exceed 10% of the power supply voltage for GTO inverters, and that the semiconductor switching times must be greater than twice the transit time of the waves in the motor cables if it is wished to limit the over voltage at these terminals.

   HIGH PERFORMANCE CONTROL OF PHASE CURRENT IN THE SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR
By C. R. Elliott; J. M. Stephenson; M. J. Turner [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper examines the design of high performance carrent controllers for the Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). Very little work has been published on this subject to date. The particular characteristics of the SRM which affect carrent control performance are examined. Two widely used techniques, fixed frequency Pulse-Width-Modulation (PWM) and hysteresis, are examined and their suitability assessed. Results from detailed digital simulation of both techniques are given, along with measured results from the hysteresis controller. The hysteresis controller is shown to be capable of superior dynamic response but has the drawback of frequency-wild behaviour. PWM carrent control is viable for many applications, where rapid dynamic response is not of paramount importance, and its constant switching frequency is a significant advantage.

   PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF SINGLE AND TWO PHASE SR DRIVES USING A CAPACITOR BOOST CIRCUIT
By J. D. Lewis; H. R. Bolton; N. W. Phillips [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a cheap and simple method of boosting the performance of single and two phase switched reluctance motors. The method involves the inclusion of a parallel capacitor/diode combination placed in series with the de link feed to the converter. The capacitor provides an additional boost voltage during commutation which increases the rate of change of current, thereby squaring up the current waveform and raising motor output power.

   PULSE WIDTH MODULATION EXCITER FOR FLUX CONTROL OF AN ISOLATED INDUCTION GENERATOR
By R. Silva; R. O. C. Lyra [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This work deals with a PWM voltage source inverter operating as a forced comutated rectifier to control the excitation level of isolated induction generators and to supply DC loads. The mechanisms of the excitation starting-up are discussed in aim to warrant the unattended operation and the lack of grid connections. Two vector control techniques are implemented by a stator field orientation through its direct and indirect schemes. Both methods uses the stator flux control to allow the straight and adequate interaction between the converter reactive power flow and the load and machine excitation needs. This method permits approximately the decoupling between magnetic flux control and the active power flow necessary to supply the DC voltage link. The experimental and simulation results obtained from a 2 hp prototype demonstrate the successful operation during load and speed transients.

   HARMONICS ANALYSIS ON A SLIP-POWER RECOVERY SYSTEM FED BY A DC LINK GTO CONVERTER
By Mitsuyuki Hombu; Motoo Futami; Seiko Miyazaki; Yuzuru Kubota; Akira Bando; Noboru Azusawa [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Voltage and current harmonies of an induction machine in a slip-power recovery system fed by a de link GIO converter are analyzed by EMTP simulation. Results obtained when using a single inverter, a multiple inverter with interphase reactors, and a neutral-point clamped inverter are shown for comparison. In ail cases, two kinds of harmonies with or without a relationship to the slip of the induction machine are contained in the primary current. If the carrier frequency is selected as over 265Hz when using the neutral-point inverter, amplitude of ail harmonies can be reduced to less than 1.0% of the fundamental. On the other hand, the carrier frequency of over 375Hz must be selected in the case of the single or multiple inverter.

   NEW INSULATION SYSTEMS FOR TRACTION MOTOR
By A. Picardi; G. Pizzella [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Many problems of compatibility, such as the mechanical integration between motor and transmission, the electric optimisation between motor converter and motor contrai, should have a correct solution for achieving an optimum design of electric vehicle. The quality of output converter represents, therefore an essential aspect of machine design. ln this paper the affects of dielectric and thermal stress together with mechanical vibration operating on insulation systems are investigated. The methodology used and the experimentation results on special motorettes, made of different insulation materials and impregnation resins, are presented. These results show the good performances of Ansaldo Trasporti insulation system that was improved during the last decade.

EPE 1995 - 41 - Dialogue Session DS5a: Machine/Converter Interactions
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1995 - Conference > EPE 1995 - 41 - Dialogue Session DS5a: Machine/Converter Interactions
	[return to parent folder]

	ROBUST NEURAL ESTIMATOR OF INDUCTION MACHINE LINKAGE FLUX By L.M. Grzesiak; P. Dabrowski; W. Koczara	[View] [Download]
Abstract: An artificial neural network system is designed to estimate induction cage machine stator, rotor and main linkage amplitude flux in steady-state operation. As an input quantities are: stator voltage and current vectors. The system is trairied on static model of induction cage machine related to non linearity of magnetising curve and the rotor resistance variability.

	COMPARISON OF LOW-COST LOW-VOLTAGE INVERTER-FED INDUCTION MOTOR SYSTEMS By C. Heller; U. Pischke; D. Sadarnac; J. C. Vannier	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A comparative study has been undertaken in order to clarify some of the design problems which may arise when considering novel motor-inverter systems. This article presents the deduction of the different systems and their consecutive comparison using the classical bridge as reference. Performance tests were carried out on an adaptable prototype system. An example of the experimental results obtained is given, along with system power comparison.

	REDUCTION OF THE PULSATIONS OF THE TORQUE AND REVOLUTIONS AT THE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR FED FROM PWM FREQUENCY CONVERTERS By J. Bendl; L. Schreier	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Presented paper introduces a design of PWM control based on restriction of torque pulsation and variation of revolutions by means of a convenient choice of shape of integration line of terminal voltages of the machine. Calculated torque and revolutions are criteria of the right choice of shape of the integration line. A course when torque pulsations and variation. of revolutions with 6-fold frequency of fundamental harmonie of feeding voltage are minimised is considered optimum. Further a convenient way of insertion of zero intervals is designed. lt causes decrease of fundamental harmonic of feeding voltage of the machine so that torque pulsations with higher frequency may be as low as possible.

	THE IMPACT OF ENERGY REGENERATION ON ISOLATED ELECTRICAL SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES By R. Yacamini; H. Bronzeado; I. Gordon	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Power system on pipe-laying barges using anchor/winch system driven by variable speed drives (VSD) may suffer from very poor power factor. Values as low as 0.34 have been measured in the power generators during "move-up" operating conditions. The paper presents a detailed analysis of a typical operating pattern of a pipe-laying barge characterised by sudden load changes during move-up and normal (welding) static conditions. The de drives, as well as the six-pulse thyristor bridge which feeds each de drive are modelled in the time domain giving in full the coupling effect between the VSDs which can operate in the first and fourth quadrants. The effect of energy regeneration is shown and a solution proposed.

	THE EFFECT OF CYCLOCONVERTER DRIVES ON NOISE AND VIBRATION IN ELECTRICAL MACHINES By S. C. Chang; R. Yacamini	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Full electrical propulsion systems using cycloconverter drives have been proposed for applications such as anti-submarine frigates and cruise liners. In the design of such systems, noise and vibration generated by propulsion motors is of particular interest. This paper will examine the motor airgap radial forces for a system including generators, power electronic drives and propulsion motors and will discuss influences of these calculated forces on motor noise and vibration.

	STABILITY ANALYSIS AND STABILISATION OF AN INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE WITH INPUT FILTER By B. Delemontey; B. Jacquot; C. Jung; B. De Fornel; J. Bavard	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a stability analysis of a high power induction motor fed with an input filter. The instability characteristics of the system are first described which prove the influence of the input filter, and a stability criterion depending on the consumed power is proposed. The main contribution of this paper is a stabilisation strategy which preserves the well-known field oriented control and guarantees its decoupling properties, taking into account industrial constraints. Using this stratgy with LQ controllers, simulation results in the case of a traction drive verify that the input filter is stabilised during high dynamic torque response of the induction motor.

	STUDY OF STEEP FRONTS IN STATOR WINDINGS OF HIGH VOLTAGE INDUCTION MACHINES SUPPLIED BY 3 LEVEL INVERTERS By L. Popiel; M. Dessoude; J. P. Reboul	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Electronic adjustable speed driver bring a number of advantages for industrial processes. 3-level GTO inverters currently offer considerable potential for high voltage induction motors. This kind of converter generate pulses with very short rise times which may stress the stator insulation of the motors. In order to determine whether this has a detrimental effect, it is proposed to model the inverter-induction motor combination by incorporating the main physical phenomena of the windings subjected to the steep - fronted surges. The model presented here compute the voltage between turn and ground, and between the turns of a coil. This model is validated by experimental measurements. The principal simulation results show that the interturn voltage would not exceed 10% of the power supply voltage for GTO inverters, and that the semiconductor switching times must be greater than twice the transit time of the waves in the motor cables if it is wished to limit the over voltage at these terminals.

	HIGH PERFORMANCE CONTROL OF PHASE CURRENT IN THE SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR By C. R. Elliott; J. M. Stephenson; M. J. Turner	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper examines the design of high performance carrent controllers for the Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). Very little work has been published on this subject to date. The particular characteristics of the SRM which affect carrent control performance are examined. Two widely used techniques, fixed frequency Pulse-Width-Modulation (PWM) and hysteresis, are examined and their suitability assessed. Results from detailed digital simulation of both techniques are given, along with measured results from the hysteresis controller. The hysteresis controller is shown to be capable of superior dynamic response but has the drawback of frequency-wild behaviour. PWM carrent control is viable for many applications, where rapid dynamic response is not of paramount importance, and its constant switching frequency is a significant advantage.

	PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF SINGLE AND TWO PHASE SR DRIVES USING A CAPACITOR BOOST CIRCUIT By J. D. Lewis; H. R. Bolton; N. W. Phillips	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a cheap and simple method of boosting the performance of single and two phase switched reluctance motors. The method involves the inclusion of a parallel capacitor/diode combination placed in series with the de link feed to the converter. The capacitor provides an additional boost voltage during commutation which increases the rate of change of current, thereby squaring up the current waveform and raising motor output power.

	PULSE WIDTH MODULATION EXCITER FOR FLUX CONTROL OF AN ISOLATED INDUCTION GENERATOR By R. Silva; R. O. C. Lyra	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This work deals with a PWM voltage source inverter operating as a forced comutated rectifier to control the excitation level of isolated induction generators and to supply DC loads. The mechanisms of the excitation starting-up are discussed in aim to warrant the unattended operation and the lack of grid connections. Two vector control techniques are implemented by a stator field orientation through its direct and indirect schemes. Both methods uses the stator flux control to allow the straight and adequate interaction between the converter reactive power flow and the load and machine excitation needs. This method permits approximately the decoupling between magnetic flux control and the active power flow necessary to supply the DC voltage link. The experimental and simulation results obtained from a 2 hp prototype demonstrate the successful operation during load and speed transients.

	HARMONICS ANALYSIS ON A SLIP-POWER RECOVERY SYSTEM FED BY A DC LINK GTO CONVERTER By Mitsuyuki Hombu; Motoo Futami; Seiko Miyazaki; Yuzuru Kubota; Akira Bando; Noboru Azusawa	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Voltage and current harmonies of an induction machine in a slip-power recovery system fed by a de link GIO converter are analyzed by EMTP simulation. Results obtained when using a single inverter, a multiple inverter with interphase reactors, and a neutral-point clamped inverter are shown for comparison. In ail cases, two kinds of harmonies with or without a relationship to the slip of the induction machine are contained in the primary current. If the carrier frequency is selected as over 265Hz when using the neutral-point inverter, amplitude of ail harmonies can be reduced to less than 1.0% of the fundamental. On the other hand, the carrier frequency of over 375Hz must be selected in the case of the single or multiple inverter.

	NEW INSULATION SYSTEMS FOR TRACTION MOTOR By A. Picardi; G. Pizzella	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Many problems of compatibility, such as the mechanical integration between motor and transmission, the electric optimisation between motor converter and motor contrai, should have a correct solution for achieving an optimum design of electric vehicle. The quality of output converter represents, therefore an essential aspect of machine design. ln this paper the affects of dielectric and thermal stress together with mechanical vibration operating on insulation systems are investigated. The methodology used and the experimentation results on special motorettes, made of different insulation materials and impregnation resins, are presented. These results show the good performances of Ansaldo Trasporti insulation system that was improved during the last decade.