EPE Association: EPE 1997

EPE 1997 - 00: KEYNOTES
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   INTEGRATION OF POWER COMPONENTS - STATE OF THE ART AND TRENDS
By Andre A. Jaecklin [View]
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Abstract: The field of high power applications has recently experienced a strong push from advances in device development. On one hand, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) in the form of hybrid modules are continuously increasing their limits in current(~ 1800 A) and voltage (up to 4500 V). In the highly demanding market of traction applications, reliability has become one of the crucial issues, however. On the other hand, based on the classical Gate-Turn-Off thyristor {GTO), a new element has been conceived, called the Integrated Gate Commutated Switch (IGCT). This device implies lower losses due to reduced thickness, a rigorously reduced stray inductance of the gate circuit, combined with a gate drive unit implemented into the structure as well as an integrated antiparallel diode. Applying a hard gate drive (hard driven GTO) opens the way to high voltages (> 1 0 kV) by means of multiple series connection as well as to reduced losses due to snubberless operation. These two approaches are compared and found to be complementary. At medium power, the IGBT is the preferred solution whereas the IGCT is expected to dominate at high power(> 1 MW). Trends for the technological development in the near future will be given.

   SMARTPOWER - ON THE WAY TO SYSTEM INTEGRATION?
By Klaus.G .Rischmliller [View]
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Abstract: Smartpower devices are widely used in all major application segments. Compared to discrete power components, they have some major advantages, which are underlined in this paper. The trend is to higher voltages, and higher degree of integration. Some examples show the present state-of-the-art, e.g. the integration ofMicrocontrollers, non-volatile Memories together with efficient power stages. We indicate the major trends for the coming years, and rise some questions about the way to Super Integration in the Smartpower field.

   System integration - a new milestone for future power electronic systems
By Leo Lorenz [View]
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Abstract: Power semiconductor components, including their further development as monolithic power ICs, and hybrid system integration are the driving forces behind advances in power electronic systems, particularly with regard to energy savings, improved control response, noise reduction, size weight reduction and cost minimization. Whereas in the lower voltage range Uoo < 1 OOV, monolithic system integration-driven by the exacting requirements of automobile electronics - has made good progress, the first milestones have also been set for conventional power electronic systems in the range Uoo 2 600V. When discussing system integration, a distinction must be drawn between monolithic and hybrid integration. Most recent innovations have shown that the lowest power range for drive technology (I::;; 1A; U::;; 600V) can be implemented using monolithic integration of power semiconductor components + high-voltage IC engineering (drive/protection functions) + j..Jelectronics (system ICs). The power range I ::;; 30A, U ::;; 1200V has been implemented in hybrid system integration at chip level (similar range of functions as with monolithic integration). Inverters using this new technology will be available in the ::;; 150A range by the year 2000. Higher power requirements can be implemented with standard modules using conventional system designs. Fig. 1 illustrates the forecast development of MOS-driven 1 .01 0 power semiconductor components and power semiconductor modules and the power range of system integration. In 1996 IGBTs with an off-state voltage up to 3.5kV and high-performance modules in the current range up to approx. 2000A were launched on the market. For the current range up to approx. 30A and with a voltage range of up to 1200V, the first milestones in system integration using hybrid packaging technology have been set. Hybrid integration covers, in contrast to the IPM (Intelligent Power Module) or ASIPM (Application Specific Intelligent Power Module), the entire range of power electronic system functions required for electrical drives. The lowest power range (up to 1A, 600V) is covered using monolithic system integration. The I ::;; 1 OOA, U ::;; 1200V power range is covered with 6/7 pack modules and the range above 100 ::;; I ::;; 2000A, U ::;; 3.5kV by standard modules using conventional DCB packaging technology. In the 20A ::;; I ::;; 200A power range, .customer-specific modules with different functions have been offered. As Fig. 1 clearly shows, the power range of monolithic /hybrid system integration will increase considerably by the year 2000 and thus covers the interesting power range of the general purpose drive and consumer drive markets. In addition the power range of standard modules will increase both in the U 2 6kV voltage range and the I > 2000 A current range.

   NEEDS FOR SOLUTIONS AND NEW AREAS OF APPLICATIONS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS
By Lars Gertmar [View]
[Download]

Abstract: An overview of key areas in the field of power electronics is given as well as perspectives. Areas that need new solutions and research are discussed with focus on adjustable speed drives, ASDs. The compatibility between power electronics and the motor and its driven object is covered in some details. Parasitic effects: noise, bearing currents, insulation stresses, etc. are mentioned. The potential impact of new materials in electrical machines is indicated, e.g., powder-iron for magnetic circuits, and chromium oxide for winding insulation resistant to partial discharge, PD. IntegralMotors are now on the market while SmartMotor is a vision to communicate on an Intranet. Trends in power transmission and distribution, T &D, as well as in power generation are reviewed. A view on the Scandinavian countries as partners in the Nordel and to UCPTE is given. Medium-voltage de, MVDC, distribution is an exciting possibility and might be used in sea-based wind-power plants. Variable-speed generation, VSG, and solar cells, PV, are examples where power electronics is essential. Neoelectrification summarises the trend for quick and sustainable manufacturing technologies in several industries. Several references are given, both conventional scientific ones and to Internet. Anticipated impacts, benefits, global and environmental aspects, and sustainable technologies are used as guides through the keynote paper.

   ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES
By Hans Kahlen; Gaston Maggetto [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The Fifth Framework Programme of the EU foresees an important chapter devoted to "The City of the Future". For cities, electric vehicles are an important factor for improving the traffic in urban areas and creating a healthier environment. It is a dream for the human being, city traffic without exhausting gas and low noise. The State of the Art of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles is presented together with the infrastructure developments. The paper shows how important this new transportation field is for the Power Electronics and Drives community at national and at EU-level.

EPE 1997 - 00: KEYNOTES
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1997 - Conference > EPE 1997 - 00: KEYNOTES
	[return to parent folder]

	INTEGRATION OF POWER COMPONENTS - STATE OF THE ART AND TRENDS By Andre A. Jaecklin	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The field of high power applications has recently experienced a strong push from advances in device development. On one hand, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) in the form of hybrid modules are continuously increasing their limits in current(~ 1800 A) and voltage (up to 4500 V). In the highly demanding market of traction applications, reliability has become one of the crucial issues, however. On the other hand, based on the classical Gate-Turn-Off thyristor {GTO), a new element has been conceived, called the Integrated Gate Commutated Switch (IGCT). This device implies lower losses due to reduced thickness, a rigorously reduced stray inductance of the gate circuit, combined with a gate drive unit implemented into the structure as well as an integrated antiparallel diode. Applying a hard gate drive (hard driven GTO) opens the way to high voltages (> 1 0 kV) by means of multiple series connection as well as to reduced losses due to snubberless operation. These two approaches are compared and found to be complementary. At medium power, the IGBT is the preferred solution whereas the IGCT is expected to dominate at high power(> 1 MW). Trends for the technological development in the near future will be given.

	SMARTPOWER - ON THE WAY TO SYSTEM INTEGRATION? By Klaus.G .Rischmliller	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Smartpower devices are widely used in all major application segments. Compared to discrete power components, they have some major advantages, which are underlined in this paper. The trend is to higher voltages, and higher degree of integration. Some examples show the present state-of-the-art, e.g. the integration ofMicrocontrollers, non-volatile Memories together with efficient power stages. We indicate the major trends for the coming years, and rise some questions about the way to Super Integration in the Smartpower field.

	System integration - a new milestone for future power electronic systems By Leo Lorenz	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Power semiconductor components, including their further development as monolithic power ICs, and hybrid system integration are the driving forces behind advances in power electronic systems, particularly with regard to energy savings, improved control response, noise reduction, size weight reduction and cost minimization. Whereas in the lower voltage range Uoo < 1 OOV, monolithic system integration-driven by the exacting requirements of automobile electronics - has made good progress, the first milestones have also been set for conventional power electronic systems in the range Uoo 2 600V. When discussing system integration, a distinction must be drawn between monolithic and hybrid integration. Most recent innovations have shown that the lowest power range for drive technology (I::;; 1A; U::;; 600V) can be implemented using monolithic integration of power semiconductor components + high-voltage IC engineering (drive/protection functions) + j..Jelectronics (system ICs). The power range I ::;; 30A, U ::;; 1200V has been implemented in hybrid system integration at chip level (similar range of functions as with monolithic integration). Inverters using this new technology will be available in the ::;; 150A range by the year 2000. Higher power requirements can be implemented with standard modules using conventional system designs. Fig. 1 illustrates the forecast development of MOS-driven 1 .01 0 power semiconductor components and power semiconductor modules and the power range of system integration. In 1996 IGBTs with an off-state voltage up to 3.5kV and high-performance modules in the current range up to approx. 2000A were launched on the market. For the current range up to approx. 30A and with a voltage range of up to 1200V, the first milestones in system integration using hybrid packaging technology have been set. Hybrid integration covers, in contrast to the IPM (Intelligent Power Module) or ASIPM (Application Specific Intelligent Power Module), the entire range of power electronic system functions required for electrical drives. The lowest power range (up to 1A, 600V) is covered using monolithic system integration. The I ::;; 1 OOA, U ::;; 1200V power range is covered with 6/7 pack modules and the range above 100 ::;; I ::;; 2000A, U ::;; 3.5kV by standard modules using conventional DCB packaging technology. In the 20A ::;; I ::;; 200A power range, .customer-specific modules with different functions have been offered. As Fig. 1 clearly shows, the power range of monolithic /hybrid system integration will increase considerably by the year 2000 and thus covers the interesting power range of the general purpose drive and consumer drive markets. In addition the power range of standard modules will increase both in the U 2 6kV voltage range and the I > 2000 A current range.

	NEEDS FOR SOLUTIONS AND NEW AREAS OF APPLICATIONS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS By Lars Gertmar	[View] [Download]
Abstract: An overview of key areas in the field of power electronics is given as well as perspectives. Areas that need new solutions and research are discussed with focus on adjustable speed drives, ASDs. The compatibility between power electronics and the motor and its driven object is covered in some details. Parasitic effects: noise, bearing currents, insulation stresses, etc. are mentioned. The potential impact of new materials in electrical machines is indicated, e.g., powder-iron for magnetic circuits, and chromium oxide for winding insulation resistant to partial discharge, PD. IntegralMotors are now on the market while SmartMotor is a vision to communicate on an Intranet. Trends in power transmission and distribution, T &D, as well as in power generation are reviewed. A view on the Scandinavian countries as partners in the Nordel and to UCPTE is given. Medium-voltage de, MVDC, distribution is an exciting possibility and might be used in sea-based wind-power plants. Variable-speed generation, VSG, and solar cells, PV, are examples where power electronics is essential. Neoelectrification summarises the trend for quick and sustainable manufacturing technologies in several industries. Several references are given, both conventional scientific ones and to Internet. Anticipated impacts, benefits, global and environmental aspects, and sustainable technologies are used as guides through the keynote paper.

	ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES By Hans Kahlen; Gaston Maggetto	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The Fifth Framework Programme of the EU foresees an important chapter devoted to "The City of the Future". For cities, electric vehicles are an important factor for improving the traffic in urban areas and creating a healthier environment. It is a dream for the human being, city traffic without exhausting gas and low noise. The State of the Art of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles is presented together with the infrastructure developments. The paper shows how important this new transportation field is for the Power Electronics and Drives community at national and at EU-level.