EPE Association: EPE 2013 - DS2c: Application of Control Methods to Electrical Systems

EPE 2013 - DS2c: Application of Control Methods to Electrical Systems
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2013 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2013 - Topic 07: Application of control methods to electrical systems > EPE 2013 - DS2c: Application of Control Methods to Electrical Systems

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   A Model Predictive Control (MPC) for Voltage Regulation of a DC/DC Converter
By Seok-Kyoon KIM, Young Il LEE, Jung-Su KIM [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Using a nonlinear converter model, a numerical on-line optimization free model predictive control (MPC)is proposed for a converter to regulate the capacitor voltage. The MPC is given analytically by minimizingan energy function of the tracking error with its global exponential stability under input constraints.The outer-loop PI controller is adopted to eliminate an offset errors caused by a plant-model mismatch.

   An Adaptive Phase-Locked Loop Algorithm for Single-Phase Utility Connected Systems
By Sergio SILVA, Vinicius BACON, Leonardo CAMPANHOL, Bruno ANGELICO [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper proposes a novel algorithm employed to detect both the phase-angle and the frequency of the single-phase utility grid voltage. The proposed algorithm uses an adaptive notch filter (ANF) operating in conjunction with a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) system, yielding an algorithm called ANF- αβ-pPLL. The αβ-pPLL structure is based on the instantaneous active power theory for three-phase power systems. Thus, for single-phase systems, the proposed PLL algorithm can be analyzed into a fictitious two-phase stationary reference frame (αβ-coordinates), in which a normalized fictitious quadrature voltage (vβ)) is obtained from the estimated PLL phase-angle. On the other hand, an adaptive filter is used to extract the fundamental component of the utility voltage, allowing the rejection of voltage harmonic disturbance. In order to validate the theoretical development, the performance of the single-phase ANF-αβ-pPLL algorithm is evaluated by means of both simulation and experimental tests under utility grid disturbances, such as voltage harmonics, voltage sags/swells, phase-angle jumps and frequency variations.

   Analysis of Unified Output MPPT Control in Sub-Panel PV Converter System
By Feng WANG, Wu XINKE, C. Lee FRED, Fang ZHUO [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) systems frequently suffer disproportionate impacts on energy production due to mismatch cases. To remedy this, academia proposed a distributed Max Power Point Tracking (MPPT) solution and has been implemented commercially. Taking the trend of the “distributed MPPT” concept a step further, this paper discuss and analysis an MPPT converter that connects to each PV cell string, called a Sub-Panel MPPT Converter (SPMC), to better address the real-world mismatch issues. The SPMC system with a unified output MPPT control structure is also proposed in order to reduce the cost and simplify the distributed MPPT system. The proposal saves A/D units, current sensors and MPPT controllers on the premise of guaranteeing that all the PV cell strings working on its individual maximum power statue regardless of the mismatch case. This is favorable for further integration and makes the whole SPMC system less expensive and easier to realize. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposal is confirmed experimentally.

   COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MPPT ALGORITHMS IN THERMOELECTRIC GENERATORS
By Panagiotis CHATZIDAKIS, Georgios CHRISTIDIS, Emmanuel TATAKIS [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In this paper, the modeling of the thermocouple as a power source is examined and a comparative study on suitable Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods is conducted. Algorithms already applied in Photovoltaic (PV) modules are compared, as well as some novel improvements on them. This comparison is based on computer simulations as well as an experimental implementation of those methods applied on a Boost converter.

   Comparison of suboptimal control methods in magnetic levitation system
By Alexander SMIRNOV, Rafal JASTRZEBSKI, Katja HYNYNEN, Olli PYRHONEN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The use of active magnetic bearings (AMB) is increasing in high-speed applications, because their lowfriction operation allows higher rotational speeds than the traditional bearings. The inherent instabilityand complexity of the AMB rotor system with high nonlinearities pose challenges to the controller design.This leads to a problem of robust design. Robustness of LQG and loop-shaping H¥ controllersis compared with the help of the evolutionary algorithm both theoretically and based on experimentalmeasurements.

   Continuous Set Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for an Induction Motor
By Saeid SAEIDI, Ralph KENNEL [View]
[Download]

Abstract: An algorithm for Continuous Set Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (CS-NMPC) is investigated. The proposed strategy is employed to realize flux and torque control for an Induction Motor (IM). It is implemented on an FPGA-based system and its effectiveness is demonstrated with experimental results. The iteration based structure of the algorithm, makes it possible to reduce the needed logic resources. Computational performance of the FPGA implementation is enhanced through a pipelined parallel architecture. A comparison of computation performance shows that, the proposed hardware realization decreases the execution time of CS-NMPC algorithm. The paper concludes with some comments on extension of CS-NMPC to other motor drive types and converter topologies.

   Encoderless Control of a 6MW Multiphase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator
By Julien SAUTER, Abdollah MIRZAIAN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper deals with the new encoderless control of a 9 phase permanent magnet synchronous generator used for a direct drive 6MW wind turbine. The particularity of the machine is the 3 stars windings that increase the availability of the system. The machine is supplied by 3 Low Voltage (LV) converters, one for each star. The control system insures the torque and the flux control by the sensorless Field Oriented Control.

   H Infinity Controller design for Primary Frequency Control of Energy Storage in Islanding MicroGrid
By Jiravan MONGKOLTANATAS, Delphine RIU, Xavier LE PIVERT [View]
[Download]

Abstract: For the frequency stability of microgrids assumed with storage devices, droop frequency control is generally applied for primary frequency control. However, the transient response of frequency is not quite good without any control of its performances (overtaking, time response). Moreover, many storage devices can be installed to guarantee microgrid stability, and a more centralized control may be interesting to coordinate the participation of each device. A Hinfinity controller is then proposed to improve the transient response and the robustness against any small disturbance of the frequency. A model is first proposed in accordance with the global formulation of H infinity control. Then, control specifications are defined in the frequency domain by definition of weighting functions. Finally, simulations of the system with H infinity controller allow verifying that the transient frequency response respects dynamic specifications.

   Harmonic Analysis in Functioning of Nonlinear Loads
By Raluca ROB [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The EPE’13 – ECCE Europe-team regrets to inform you that this full paper was not uploaded before the finaldeadline. As a consequence, this paper could not be included in these proceedings.

   LABORATORY TESTING OF AN AMB SUPPORTED PM 3.5 KW BLOWER PROTOTYPE
By Rafal JASTRZEBSKI, Alexander SMIRNOV, Janne NERG, Ahti JAATINEN-VARRI, Pekko JAATINEN, Tuomo LINDH, Olli PYRHONEN, Jussi SOPANEN, Jari BACKMAN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A commissioning and laboratory tests of an active magnetic bearing supported PM 3kW blower arepresented. The motor operation is evaluated in no-load and load tests. An identification of AMB-rotorsystem, testing of H∞ centralized control and mass-flow of the blower for recirculation of anode gas ina SOFC are discussed. The key results include comparison between analytical and measured values ofan output sensitivity function of different MIMO controllers, measured efficiency and output motorpower, and blower measurements.

   Model Predictive Control-Based Power Management Strategy for Fuel Cell/Wind Turbine/Supercapacitor Integration For Low Power Generation System
By John SANDOVAL MORENO, Gildas BESANCON, John MARTINEZ MOLINA [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper deals with the problem of power coordination on multi-source systems. Here, the objective is to regulate the provided voltage at the load bus by keeping the supercapacitor voltage around admissible values. In addition, operational constraints are also included, particularly, the power slew rate provided by the fuel cell, as well as by the supercapacitor. According to those objectives, a Model Predictive Control (MPC) is proposed for coordination of the different units. That control is intended for respecting the improved constraints and keeping the optimality of the interconnected system. In this paper, a system simulation, including a fuel cell, a supercapacitor an a wind turbine power system are considered. Here, a comparison of the MPC with respect to a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is performed in order to illustrate the behavior of the proposed approach.

   Modeling and Control of an induction generator wind Turbine connected to the grid
By Djamila REKIOUA, Radia ABDELLI, Toufik REKIOUA, Abdelmounaim TOUNZI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: We present in this paper a control of an induction generator wind turbine connected to the grid. We applied a modulated hysteresis direct torque control (MHDTC) to the induction generator (IG). This control strategy consists in superposing to the torque reference a triangular signal, as in the PWM strategy, with the desired switching frequency. We obtain a new modulated reference which is compared to the estimated torque by using a hysteresis controller as in the classical direct torque control (DTC). The aim of this method is to obtain constant frequency and low THD in grid current with a unit power factor. A comparison is made with classical direct torque control and field oriented control method (FOC). The obtained simulation results, using Matlab/Simulink, show an adequate dynamic of the studied system under the proposed method.

   Open Circuit Fault Detection Based on Emerging FCS-MPC in Power Electronics Systems
By Mehdi SALEHIFAR, Ramin SALEHI ARASHLOO, Manuel MORENA EQUILAZ, Vicent SALA, Luis ROMRAL [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In this paper, a novel fault detection method based on cost fault evaluation is proposed. The costfunction is same as one used in finite control set model predictive control of power converters. Twosimple methods are presented to locate the faulty IGBT. Considered methodology is studied for faultdetection and fault tolerant operation in a five phase PMSM drive. Theory has been developed andvalidated by simulation results of a five phase two level converter in Matlab/Simulink.

   PID controllers and anti-windup systems tuning using Ant Colony Optimization
By Maude Josee BLONDIN, Pierre SICARD [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Ant Colony Optimization allows simultaneous tuning of a large number of control parameters and provides flexibility in the choice of the performance criterion. An off-line tuning methodology is proposed for PID-type controllers and their associated anti-windup subsystem for cascaded loop control structures. Insight is given on the design process, on parameter setting and on handling of soft and hard constraints. The method is illustrated by tuning a weighted PID controller and saturation management for a positioning axis in a grinder application.

   Suppression of the 5th and 7th current harmonics of an IPMSM
By Lorenz TAUS BETI, Uwe SCHAEFER [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This report presents an extension of the Field Oriented Control technique to suppress the 5th and the 7th current harmonics of an IPMSM. The influence of the current harmonics on the fundamental control loop is analyzed and a proposition for their identification is given. Two additional control loops --in parallel with the fundamental control loop-- have been implemented and succeed in controlling the value of the previously mentioned harmonics to zero. Data of experimental tests are enclosed and validate the approach.

EPE 2013 - DS2c: Application of Control Methods to Electrical Systems
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2013 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2013 - Topic 07: Application of control methods to electrical systems > EPE 2013 - DS2c: Application of Control Methods to Electrical Systems
	[return to parent folder]

	A Model Predictive Control (MPC) for Voltage Regulation of a DC/DC Converter By Seok-Kyoon KIM, Young Il LEE, Jung-Su KIM	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Using a nonlinear converter model, a numerical on-line optimization free model predictive control (MPC)is proposed for a converter to regulate the capacitor voltage. The MPC is given analytically by minimizingan energy function of the tracking error with its global exponential stability under input constraints.The outer-loop PI controller is adopted to eliminate an offset errors caused by a plant-model mismatch.

	An Adaptive Phase-Locked Loop Algorithm for Single-Phase Utility Connected Systems By Sergio SILVA, Vinicius BACON, Leonardo CAMPANHOL, Bruno ANGELICO	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper proposes a novel algorithm employed to detect both the phase-angle and the frequency of the single-phase utility grid voltage. The proposed algorithm uses an adaptive notch filter (ANF) operating in conjunction with a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) system, yielding an algorithm called ANF- αβ-pPLL. The αβ-pPLL structure is based on the instantaneous active power theory for three-phase power systems. Thus, for single-phase systems, the proposed PLL algorithm can be analyzed into a fictitious two-phase stationary reference frame (αβ-coordinates), in which a normalized fictitious quadrature voltage (vβ)) is obtained from the estimated PLL phase-angle. On the other hand, an adaptive filter is used to extract the fundamental component of the utility voltage, allowing the rejection of voltage harmonic disturbance. In order to validate the theoretical development, the performance of the single-phase ANF-αβ-pPLL algorithm is evaluated by means of both simulation and experimental tests under utility grid disturbances, such as voltage harmonics, voltage sags/swells, phase-angle jumps and frequency variations.

	Analysis of Unified Output MPPT Control in Sub-Panel PV Converter System By Feng WANG, Wu XINKE, C. Lee FRED, Fang ZHUO	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) systems frequently suffer disproportionate impacts on energy production due to mismatch cases. To remedy this, academia proposed a distributed Max Power Point Tracking (MPPT) solution and has been implemented commercially. Taking the trend of the “distributed MPPT” concept a step further, this paper discuss and analysis an MPPT converter that connects to each PV cell string, called a Sub-Panel MPPT Converter (SPMC), to better address the real-world mismatch issues. The SPMC system with a unified output MPPT control structure is also proposed in order to reduce the cost and simplify the distributed MPPT system. The proposal saves A/D units, current sensors and MPPT controllers on the premise of guaranteeing that all the PV cell strings working on its individual maximum power statue regardless of the mismatch case. This is favorable for further integration and makes the whole SPMC system less expensive and easier to realize. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposal is confirmed experimentally.

	COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MPPT ALGORITHMS IN THERMOELECTRIC GENERATORS By Panagiotis CHATZIDAKIS, Georgios CHRISTIDIS, Emmanuel TATAKIS	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In this paper, the modeling of the thermocouple as a power source is examined and a comparative study on suitable Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods is conducted. Algorithms already applied in Photovoltaic (PV) modules are compared, as well as some novel improvements on them. This comparison is based on computer simulations as well as an experimental implementation of those methods applied on a Boost converter.

	Comparison of suboptimal control methods in magnetic levitation system By Alexander SMIRNOV, Rafal JASTRZEBSKI, Katja HYNYNEN, Olli PYRHONEN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The use of active magnetic bearings (AMB) is increasing in high-speed applications, because their lowfriction operation allows higher rotational speeds than the traditional bearings. The inherent instabilityand complexity of the AMB rotor system with high nonlinearities pose challenges to the controller design.This leads to a problem of robust design. Robustness of LQG and loop-shaping H¥ controllersis compared with the help of the evolutionary algorithm both theoretically and based on experimentalmeasurements.

	Continuous Set Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for an Induction Motor By Saeid SAEIDI, Ralph KENNEL	[View] [Download]
Abstract: An algorithm for Continuous Set Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (CS-NMPC) is investigated. The proposed strategy is employed to realize flux and torque control for an Induction Motor (IM). It is implemented on an FPGA-based system and its effectiveness is demonstrated with experimental results. The iteration based structure of the algorithm, makes it possible to reduce the needed logic resources. Computational performance of the FPGA implementation is enhanced through a pipelined parallel architecture. A comparison of computation performance shows that, the proposed hardware realization decreases the execution time of CS-NMPC algorithm. The paper concludes with some comments on extension of CS-NMPC to other motor drive types and converter topologies.

	Encoderless Control of a 6MW Multiphase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator By Julien SAUTER, Abdollah MIRZAIAN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper deals with the new encoderless control of a 9 phase permanent magnet synchronous generator used for a direct drive 6MW wind turbine. The particularity of the machine is the 3 stars windings that increase the availability of the system. The machine is supplied by 3 Low Voltage (LV) converters, one for each star. The control system insures the torque and the flux control by the sensorless Field Oriented Control.

	H Infinity Controller design for Primary Frequency Control of Energy Storage in Islanding MicroGrid By Jiravan MONGKOLTANATAS, Delphine RIU, Xavier LE PIVERT	[View] [Download]
Abstract: For the frequency stability of microgrids assumed with storage devices, droop frequency control is generally applied for primary frequency control. However, the transient response of frequency is not quite good without any control of its performances (overtaking, time response). Moreover, many storage devices can be installed to guarantee microgrid stability, and a more centralized control may be interesting to coordinate the participation of each device. A Hinfinity controller is then proposed to improve the transient response and the robustness against any small disturbance of the frequency. A model is first proposed in accordance with the global formulation of H infinity control. Then, control specifications are defined in the frequency domain by definition of weighting functions. Finally, simulations of the system with H infinity controller allow verifying that the transient frequency response respects dynamic specifications.

	Harmonic Analysis in Functioning of Nonlinear Loads By Raluca ROB	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The EPE’13 – ECCE Europe-team regrets to inform you that this full paper was not uploaded before the finaldeadline. As a consequence, this paper could not be included in these proceedings.

	LABORATORY TESTING OF AN AMB SUPPORTED PM 3.5 KW BLOWER PROTOTYPE By Rafal JASTRZEBSKI, Alexander SMIRNOV, Janne NERG, Ahti JAATINEN-VARRI, Pekko JAATINEN, Tuomo LINDH, Olli PYRHONEN, Jussi SOPANEN, Jari BACKMAN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A commissioning and laboratory tests of an active magnetic bearing supported PM 3kW blower arepresented. The motor operation is evaluated in no-load and load tests. An identification of AMB-rotorsystem, testing of H∞ centralized control and mass-flow of the blower for recirculation of anode gas ina SOFC are discussed. The key results include comparison between analytical and measured values ofan output sensitivity function of different MIMO controllers, measured efficiency and output motorpower, and blower measurements.

	Model Predictive Control-Based Power Management Strategy for Fuel Cell/Wind Turbine/Supercapacitor Integration For Low Power Generation System By John SANDOVAL MORENO, Gildas BESANCON, John MARTINEZ MOLINA	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper deals with the problem of power coordination on multi-source systems. Here, the objective is to regulate the provided voltage at the load bus by keeping the supercapacitor voltage around admissible values. In addition, operational constraints are also included, particularly, the power slew rate provided by the fuel cell, as well as by the supercapacitor. According to those objectives, a Model Predictive Control (MPC) is proposed for coordination of the different units. That control is intended for respecting the improved constraints and keeping the optimality of the interconnected system. In this paper, a system simulation, including a fuel cell, a supercapacitor an a wind turbine power system are considered. Here, a comparison of the MPC with respect to a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is performed in order to illustrate the behavior of the proposed approach.

	Modeling and Control of an induction generator wind Turbine connected to the grid By Djamila REKIOUA, Radia ABDELLI, Toufik REKIOUA, Abdelmounaim TOUNZI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: We present in this paper a control of an induction generator wind turbine connected to the grid. We applied a modulated hysteresis direct torque control (MHDTC) to the induction generator (IG). This control strategy consists in superposing to the torque reference a triangular signal, as in the PWM strategy, with the desired switching frequency. We obtain a new modulated reference which is compared to the estimated torque by using a hysteresis controller as in the classical direct torque control (DTC). The aim of this method is to obtain constant frequency and low THD in grid current with a unit power factor. A comparison is made with classical direct torque control and field oriented control method (FOC). The obtained simulation results, using Matlab/Simulink, show an adequate dynamic of the studied system under the proposed method.

	Open Circuit Fault Detection Based on Emerging FCS-MPC in Power Electronics Systems By Mehdi SALEHIFAR, Ramin SALEHI ARASHLOO, Manuel MORENA EQUILAZ, Vicent SALA, Luis ROMRAL	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In this paper, a novel fault detection method based on cost fault evaluation is proposed. The costfunction is same as one used in finite control set model predictive control of power converters. Twosimple methods are presented to locate the faulty IGBT. Considered methodology is studied for faultdetection and fault tolerant operation in a five phase PMSM drive. Theory has been developed andvalidated by simulation results of a five phase two level converter in Matlab/Simulink.

	PID controllers and anti-windup systems tuning using Ant Colony Optimization By Maude Josee BLONDIN, Pierre SICARD	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Ant Colony Optimization allows simultaneous tuning of a large number of control parameters and provides flexibility in the choice of the performance criterion. An off-line tuning methodology is proposed for PID-type controllers and their associated anti-windup subsystem for cascaded loop control structures. Insight is given on the design process, on parameter setting and on handling of soft and hard constraints. The method is illustrated by tuning a weighted PID controller and saturation management for a positioning axis in a grinder application.

	Suppression of the 5th and 7th current harmonics of an IPMSM By Lorenz TAUS BETI, Uwe SCHAEFER	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This report presents an extension of the Field Oriented Control technique to suppress the 5th and the 7th current harmonics of an IPMSM. The influence of the current harmonics on the fundamental control loop is analyzed and a proposition for their identification is given. Two additional control loops --in parallel with the fundamental control loop-- have been implemented and succeed in controlling the value of the previously mentioned harmonics to zero. Data of experimental tests are enclosed and validate the approach.