EPE Association: EPE 2011 - DS2h: Topic 06: Converter Control, Current/Voltage Control

EPE 2011 - DS2h: Topic 06: Converter Control, Current/Voltage Control
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2011 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2011 - Topic 06: Modulation Strategies and Specific Control Methods for Static Converters > EPE 2011 - DS2h: Topic 06: Converter Control, Current/Voltage Control

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   A comparative study of Predictive Current Control for Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters based on switching frequency and current error
By Patricio CORTES, Luna VATTUONE, Jose RODRIGUEZ [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Conventional linear current control with pulse width modulation and predictive current control for a three phase voltage source inverter are compared in this paper based on the ripple of current for a range of switching frequencies. Predictive current control allows to improve the performance by increasing the sampling frequency, but the resulting switching frequency can also make the semiconductors to operate out of their thermal limits. Behavior of the predictive control scheme for a range of switching frequencies is presented. A modification of the predictive current control is presented for decoupling the switching frequency from the sampling frequency, thus the performance of the system is improved and the switching frequency is kept controlled.

   A New Peak-Current Injected Digital Control Circuit for DC-DC Converter
By Fujio KUROKAWA, Yoshihiko KOMICHI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present a new peak-current injected digital control circuit for dc-dc converter and its dynamic characteristics. The proposed circuit is able to detect the peak point of the switch current in real time only by comparing two pulse trains. At the moment when the peak switch current is detected, the proposed circuit generates the turn off signal of the main switch. The circuit principle is very simple. It is composed of the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) using as the V-F signal converter, the programmable delay circuit and a few flip-flops. In the experiment, it is confirmed the main switch is turned off when the peak switch current is detected. Additionally, it is shown in simulation that the proposed digital control circuit provides the good transient responses of dc-dc converter. As a result, it is seen that the proposed method has no overshoot of the output voltage and the convergence time that the output voltage is settled to steady-state is only 129s. This result is approximately 89\% smaller than the conventional voltage mode digital control dc-dc converter.

   Control scheme for Source Voltage Sensorless PWM Converters under Source Voltage Unbalance
By Eunsoo JUNG, Myoungho KIM, Seung-Ki SUL [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a control scheme for three-phase PWM converters which have no ac-side voltage sensors. In spite of no source voltage sensors, the proposed method estimates exact grid angle and voltages, which are the essential parts for the power transfer between DC link of PWM converter and AC source. The method works not only in normal balanced AC source case but also in faulty unbalanced cases. The validity of proposed method has been evaluated by computer simulation and experimental result with 10kW PWM Voltage source converter.

   Current Control Design with a Fractional-Order PID for a Three-Level Inverter
By Kambiz ARAB TEHRANI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In this paper, a fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller is investigated for a three-level inverter called Multi-Neutral Point (MNP). For the first time, an FOPID is applied to multilevel inverters. Our main objectives are to remove the amplitude error, the phase shift error and decreasing the total harmonic distortion of the current.

   Digital Proportional-Resonant (PR) Control with Anti-Windup Applied to a Voltage-Source Inverter
By Sebastian RICHTER, Rik DE DONCKER [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Integral anti-windup is crucial for controlling converters subjected to constrains by the dc-link voltage.However, little literature is available about anti-windup if PR-controllers are applied. This paper presentsa new approach to tackle this problem by controlling damping of the resonator. Another aim is to analyzewhy one common anti-windup strategy for PI-controllers, that reduces the input of the integrator, alsoworks for PR-controllers. Even though the proposed damping anti-windup showed a somewhat lesserperformance than the conventional one, it ensured stability. The newly proposed strategy is inherentlystable and thus easy to tune. In particular, it is a reliable anti-windup for DSP-controlled converters.

   Feasibility of time-delay based frequency-control of a sliding-mode buck converter.
By Benoît LABBE, Bruno ALLARD, David CHESNEAU [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The step-down switch-mode DC/DC power supply is commonly used in power management of integratedcircuits such as high performances processors and high speed memories. Sliding-mode-controlappears to be one of the best way to control step-down switch-mode converter due to stringent transientperformances required by next generation processor cores used in Smart-phones or Tablets. Howeversliding-mode’s free-running frequency has to be controlled due to electromagnetic compatibility issues.This paper presents a time-delay based frequency control analysis of a sliding-mode controlled buckconverter. Lower and upper bounds of the synchronization domain are discussed and a frequency loopstability analysis is presented. The original contribution is the circuit implementing a synchronizationsolution. Transistor level simulations corroborate theoretical results. An integrated test-chip is underfabrication using CMOS 130nm process by ST.

   FPGA-based Sliding Mode Direct Power Control of three-phase PWM boost rectifier
By Asma HEMDANI, Wissem NAOUAR, Ilhem SLAMA-BELKHODJA, Eric MONMASSON [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of a Direct Power Control (DPC) of three-phase Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) boost rectifier. The DPC control was synthesized via the sliding mode theory. The main interest of using such theory is the robustness of the resulting control to parameters variations and external disturbances. In the other hand, thanks to the possibility offered by FPGAs to design efficient dedicated architectures, a very important reduction of execution time is performed and only few microseconds are needed for the execution time. Experimental results carried on a FPGA based prototyping platform are given in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the implemented sliding mode DPC of three-phase PWM boost rectifier.

   Investigation of Control Scheme based on Stationary Reference Frame Using Three Level Space Vector Modulated Grid Connected Inverter with NP Balancing Algorithm
By Georgios TSENGENES, Thomas NATHENAS, Georgios ADAMIDIS [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In this paper a control scheme based on instantaneous reactive power theory for three phase three level grid connected inverter is presented. A fuzzy logic controller and a PR controller for the DC bus voltage and the current control are applied respectively. Space vector modulation for the switching pattern generation is used. The Space Vector modulation algorithm is improved via the utilization of a Neutral Point balancing technique, which results the performance enhancement of the inverter. Furthermore, the ability of the control system for uninterrupted compensation of the reactive power is investigated. The performance of the proposed electric power system is established using Matlab/Simulink.

   Model Predictive Control Strategies for DC-DC Boost Voltage Conversion
By Petros KARAMANAKOS, Giorgios PAPAFOTIOU, Stefanos MANIAS [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper proposes a Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the boost dc-dc converter. Based on the state space description of the converter, a constrained optimal problem is formulated and solved. By regulating the current of the power circuit’s inductor to a proper reference, set by an outer loop based on an observer, the main control objective, which is the regulation of the output voltage at a reference value, is achieved despite changes in the input voltage and the load. Experimental results are presented to verify the controller’s feasibility and performance.

   Railway Catenary Parameters Identification based on Harmonic Current Injection
By Behrooz BAHRANI, Alfred RUFER, Martin AEBERHARD [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Modern trains with active line-side converters are currently the state-of-the-art technology in the trac-tion industry. In such systems, the active line-side converter of the drive system can be exploited forpower quality improvement purposes. In this paper, adopting the active line-side converter, an identi-fication strategy is proposed, which estimates the parameters of the catenary line through the injectionof low-order harmonic current and monitoring the corresponding voltage at the connection point of thepantograph to the network.

   Ripple current minimization of an interleaved-switched multi-phase PWM inverter for three-phase machine-emulation
By Christian NEMEC, Jörg ROTH-STIELOW [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents investigations on the ripple current of an interleaved-switched multi-phase PWM inverter for hardware in the loop machine emulation. The influences of different modulation schemes on the ripple current as well as the dependencies from hardware configuration of the machine emulator are shown. A new space vector modulation scheme using an optimized shift of the machine emulator’s neutral point is presented, leading to a minimization of the ripple current caused by the emulator.

   Seven-Level Single-Leg Flying Capacitor Converter Voltage Balancing Dynamics Analysis
By Boris REZNIKOV, Alex RUDERMAN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Time domain approach based on stitching analytical solutions for consecutive switching subintervalsis applied to analysis of seven-level single-leg flying capacitor converter natural voltage balancingdynamics for Phase Shifted PWM. Expressions for voltage balancing dynamics frequencies and timeconstants reveal dependences on load parameters, carrier frequency, and voltage command. The rootcause of poor (zero) natural voltage balancing damping phenomenon in odd-level single converterswith Phase Shifted PWM is explained by analyzing specific switching topologies. The remedy may bemodulation strategies that use different from classic Phase Shifted PWM switching states and providefaster natural balancing dynamics without compromising optimal voltage quality of nearest levelswitching, minimal integral switching loss and uniform switching loss sharing between converterswitches. In particular, the amount of employed zero voltage switching states must be increased.

EPE 2011 - DS2h: Topic 06: Converter Control, Current/Voltage Control
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2011 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2011 - Topic 06: Modulation Strategies and Specific Control Methods for Static Converters > EPE 2011 - DS2h: Topic 06: Converter Control, Current/Voltage Control
	[return to parent folder]

	A comparative study of Predictive Current Control for Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters based on switching frequency and current error By Patricio CORTES, Luna VATTUONE, Jose RODRIGUEZ	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Conventional linear current control with pulse width modulation and predictive current control for a three phase voltage source inverter are compared in this paper based on the ripple of current for a range of switching frequencies. Predictive current control allows to improve the performance by increasing the sampling frequency, but the resulting switching frequency can also make the semiconductors to operate out of their thermal limits. Behavior of the predictive control scheme for a range of switching frequencies is presented. A modification of the predictive current control is presented for decoupling the switching frequency from the sampling frequency, thus the performance of the system is improved and the switching frequency is kept controlled.

	A New Peak-Current Injected Digital Control Circuit for DC-DC Converter By Fujio KUROKAWA, Yoshihiko KOMICHI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present a new peak-current injected digital control circuit for dc-dc converter and its dynamic characteristics. The proposed circuit is able to detect the peak point of the switch current in real time only by comparing two pulse trains. At the moment when the peak switch current is detected, the proposed circuit generates the turn off signal of the main switch. The circuit principle is very simple. It is composed of the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) using as the V-F signal converter, the programmable delay circuit and a few flip-flops. In the experiment, it is confirmed the main switch is turned off when the peak switch current is detected. Additionally, it is shown in simulation that the proposed digital control circuit provides the good transient responses of dc-dc converter. As a result, it is seen that the proposed method has no overshoot of the output voltage and the convergence time that the output voltage is settled to steady-state is only 129s. This result is approximately 89\% smaller than the conventional voltage mode digital control dc-dc converter.

	Control scheme for Source Voltage Sensorless PWM Converters under Source Voltage Unbalance By Eunsoo JUNG, Myoungho KIM, Seung-Ki SUL	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a control scheme for three-phase PWM converters which have no ac-side voltage sensors. In spite of no source voltage sensors, the proposed method estimates exact grid angle and voltages, which are the essential parts for the power transfer between DC link of PWM converter and AC source. The method works not only in normal balanced AC source case but also in faulty unbalanced cases. The validity of proposed method has been evaluated by computer simulation and experimental result with 10kW PWM Voltage source converter.

	Current Control Design with a Fractional-Order PID for a Three-Level Inverter By Kambiz ARAB TEHRANI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In this paper, a fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller is investigated for a three-level inverter called Multi-Neutral Point (MNP). For the first time, an FOPID is applied to multilevel inverters. Our main objectives are to remove the amplitude error, the phase shift error and decreasing the total harmonic distortion of the current.

	Digital Proportional-Resonant (PR) Control with Anti-Windup Applied to a Voltage-Source Inverter By Sebastian RICHTER, Rik DE DONCKER	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Integral anti-windup is crucial for controlling converters subjected to constrains by the dc-link voltage.However, little literature is available about anti-windup if PR-controllers are applied. This paper presentsa new approach to tackle this problem by controlling damping of the resonator. Another aim is to analyzewhy one common anti-windup strategy for PI-controllers, that reduces the input of the integrator, alsoworks for PR-controllers. Even though the proposed damping anti-windup showed a somewhat lesserperformance than the conventional one, it ensured stability. The newly proposed strategy is inherentlystable and thus easy to tune. In particular, it is a reliable anti-windup for DSP-controlled converters.

	Feasibility of time-delay based frequency-control of a sliding-mode buck converter. By Benoît LABBE, Bruno ALLARD, David CHESNEAU	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The step-down switch-mode DC/DC power supply is commonly used in power management of integratedcircuits such as high performances processors and high speed memories. Sliding-mode-controlappears to be one of the best way to control step-down switch-mode converter due to stringent transientperformances required by next generation processor cores used in Smart-phones or Tablets. Howeversliding-mode’s free-running frequency has to be controlled due to electromagnetic compatibility issues.This paper presents a time-delay based frequency control analysis of a sliding-mode controlled buckconverter. Lower and upper bounds of the synchronization domain are discussed and a frequency loopstability analysis is presented. The original contribution is the circuit implementing a synchronizationsolution. Transistor level simulations corroborate theoretical results. An integrated test-chip is underfabrication using CMOS 130nm process by ST.

	FPGA-based Sliding Mode Direct Power Control of three-phase PWM boost rectifier By Asma HEMDANI, Wissem NAOUAR, Ilhem SLAMA-BELKHODJA, Eric MONMASSON	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of a Direct Power Control (DPC) of three-phase Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) boost rectifier. The DPC control was synthesized via the sliding mode theory. The main interest of using such theory is the robustness of the resulting control to parameters variations and external disturbances. In the other hand, thanks to the possibility offered by FPGAs to design efficient dedicated architectures, a very important reduction of execution time is performed and only few microseconds are needed for the execution time. Experimental results carried on a FPGA based prototyping platform are given in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the implemented sliding mode DPC of three-phase PWM boost rectifier.

	Investigation of Control Scheme based on Stationary Reference Frame Using Three Level Space Vector Modulated Grid Connected Inverter with NP Balancing Algorithm By Georgios TSENGENES, Thomas NATHENAS, Georgios ADAMIDIS	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In this paper a control scheme based on instantaneous reactive power theory for three phase three level grid connected inverter is presented. A fuzzy logic controller and a PR controller for the DC bus voltage and the current control are applied respectively. Space vector modulation for the switching pattern generation is used. The Space Vector modulation algorithm is improved via the utilization of a Neutral Point balancing technique, which results the performance enhancement of the inverter. Furthermore, the ability of the control system for uninterrupted compensation of the reactive power is investigated. The performance of the proposed electric power system is established using Matlab/Simulink.

	Model Predictive Control Strategies for DC-DC Boost Voltage Conversion By Petros KARAMANAKOS, Giorgios PAPAFOTIOU, Stefanos MANIAS	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper proposes a Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the boost dc-dc converter. Based on the state space description of the converter, a constrained optimal problem is formulated and solved. By regulating the current of the power circuit’s inductor to a proper reference, set by an outer loop based on an observer, the main control objective, which is the regulation of the output voltage at a reference value, is achieved despite changes in the input voltage and the load. Experimental results are presented to verify the controller’s feasibility and performance.

	Railway Catenary Parameters Identification based on Harmonic Current Injection By Behrooz BAHRANI, Alfred RUFER, Martin AEBERHARD	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Modern trains with active line-side converters are currently the state-of-the-art technology in the trac-tion industry. In such systems, the active line-side converter of the drive system can be exploited forpower quality improvement purposes. In this paper, adopting the active line-side converter, an identi-fication strategy is proposed, which estimates the parameters of the catenary line through the injectionof low-order harmonic current and monitoring the corresponding voltage at the connection point of thepantograph to the network.

	Ripple current minimization of an interleaved-switched multi-phase PWM inverter for three-phase machine-emulation By Christian NEMEC, Jörg ROTH-STIELOW	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents investigations on the ripple current of an interleaved-switched multi-phase PWM inverter for hardware in the loop machine emulation. The influences of different modulation schemes on the ripple current as well as the dependencies from hardware configuration of the machine emulator are shown. A new space vector modulation scheme using an optimized shift of the machine emulator’s neutral point is presented, leading to a minimization of the ripple current caused by the emulator.

	Seven-Level Single-Leg Flying Capacitor Converter Voltage Balancing Dynamics Analysis By Boris REZNIKOV, Alex RUDERMAN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Time domain approach based on stitching analytical solutions for consecutive switching subintervalsis applied to analysis of seven-level single-leg flying capacitor converter natural voltage balancingdynamics for Phase Shifted PWM. Expressions for voltage balancing dynamics frequencies and timeconstants reveal dependences on load parameters, carrier frequency, and voltage command. The rootcause of poor (zero) natural voltage balancing damping phenomenon in odd-level single converterswith Phase Shifted PWM is explained by analyzing specific switching topologies. The remedy may bemodulation strategies that use different from classic Phase Shifted PWM switching states and providefaster natural balancing dynamics without compromising optimal voltage quality of nearest levelswitching, minimal integral switching loss and uniform switching loss sharing between converterswitches. In particular, the amount of employed zero voltage switching states must be increased.