EPE Association: EPE 2003 - Topic 11a: Road Vehicles

EPE 2003 - Topic 11a: Road Vehicles
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2003 - Conference > EPE 2003 - Topic 11: POWER ELECTRONICS AND DRIVES IN SURFACE TRANSPORT > EPE 2003 - Topic 11a: Road Vehicles

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   DC-DC Converter for charging and discharging super-capacitors used in electric hybrid cars
By Z. Cerovsky; V. Pavelka [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Experimental working stand for electric and hybrid car drive research was projected in the Research Centre JB at the Technical University in Prague. Super capacitors are implemented. They are able to accept the kinetic energy during breaking the vehicle and regenerate it during next speeding up. The power at which the energy can be transferred via DC-DC converter is studied in this paper. It is limited by the duty factor of the DC – DC converter and by the resistance R in the converter circuit mainly. The ratio of the super capacitor and intermediate traction circuit voltages and the inductivity of the inductance in the DC – DC converter influence the maximum power at which the energy can be transferred via DC-DC converter too but not so drastically.

   Ring shaped motor-integrated electric drive for hybrid electric vehicles
By Y. Tadros; J. Ranneberg; U. Schäfer [View]
[Download]

Abstract: An electric drive with motor integrated power electronics for the use in hybrid electric vehicles is presented. Novel technologies and specially designed components to fulfil the excessive temperature and restricted space requirements are shown. They allow a low cost full integration of the electric drive in a passenger car power train. The converter has circular shape and is inserted in the stator housing around the end windings of the motor. Experimental results of investigations at a first prototype show the potentials of the proposed integration technologies.

   Experimental identification of electronic throttle body
By D. Pavkoviæ; J. Deur; M. Jansz; N. Peric [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Detailed off-line experimental identification of an automotive electronic throttle body (ETB) servo drive is carried out with the aim to aid design of a high-performance electronic throttle control strategy. The linear and nonlinear parts of the ETB model are conveniently identified separately. Identification of ETB linear dynamics includes a multi-step identification method based on the physical ETB model form, and single-step methods based on the black-box continuous-time and discrete-time ETB model forms. The nonlinear effects identified include static and dynamic friction effects, and distinctive limp-home nonlinearity.

   New drive system using decentralized inverters for electric vehicle
By Y. Akaishi; T. Ohmae; R. Masaki; F. Tajima [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In this paper, a new drive system using decentralized inverters for electric vehicles is proposed. Features of this system are to remarkably improve the reliability of electric vehicles using plural inverters. The characteristics of the proposed system are clarified by analysis and simulation using actual vehicle specifications. From the result, the proposed system is effective for improvement of the reliability in electric vehicles.

   Evaluation of the reliability of an automotive permanent magnet synchrous motor drive
By H. Schwab; A. Klönne; S. Reck; I. Ramesohl [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Using reliability prediction methods, the failure rates of all of the electronic components of a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive were calculated, using reliability handbooks and field data, taking into account the harsh temperature condition of the automotive application. It was then possible to identify the weak points of the system and to compare inverter topologies, in order to improve the reliability and safety.

   Optimized energy generator and storage system for electric hybrid vehicles
By P. Granchinho Matos; J. Esteves [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Limited autonomy allowed by available batteries imposes seeking another solutions for electric road vehicles. Series hybrid electric solutions including a thermal motor running an electric alternator or a fuel cell appear as alternatives to be considered for autonomy improvement. A correct dimensioning of the several enrolled components on the driven powertrain allows an optimised solution in the use of the power source. This paper proposes a methodology using simulation and experimental results to be used as design tool for the driven powertrain components. It is shown that in a series hybrid electric vehicle with a power source running at an optimised constant power value, the intermediate energy storage system (batteries or other) complements the instantaneous power delivery. It is verified that knowledge of the vehicle daily use is important for the proposed optimization. More, this concept allows considering a lower value for power source and, consequently, a vehicle presenting a lower consumption and a better overall efficiency, reducing vehicle environmental impact and running costs.

   Electrical drives for drive-by-wire systems in surface vehicles
By P. Bolognesi; O. Bruno; A. Landi; L. Sani; L. Taponecco [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The transition from conventional mechanical-hydraulic actuation systems to innovative "x-by-wire" solutions in the treatment and transmission of pilot's commands represents a new leading edge for the automotive industry. Relevant improvements are indeed expected from the introduction of electrical drives suitably controlled by hierarchical computer-based management systems interconnected through a field bus: better performances, greater overall safety and reliability, higher efficiency, lower emissions, reduced maintenance etc. Starting from the servo-systems presently adopted, this paper aims to presents an overview of the main issues and of the most interesting solutions proposed in the technical literature, particularly referring to the aspects regarding electric machines and drives. The potential benefits with respect to conventional systems are highlighted, and some orienting considerations are formulated referring both to conventional powertrain structures and to hybrid and electric vehicles.

   High speed induction motor modelling for the energetic identification of industrial variable speed mechanical loads: an application test for a light EV prototyp
By A. Cavagnino; L. Ferraris [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The necessity of evaluating the power required by every part of complex mechanical systems or machines is increasing. Of particular interest is the case constituted by an electric vehicle, considered as a series of elements requiring power for the vehicle behaviour. For the analysis performed in the paper the basic point is the possibility of knowing the electric motor shaft power from input measurements. In the work the output motor power is indirectly obtained by the calculation of the actual motor losses, with the introduction of a voice defined as “total induced losses” contribution. The method has been applied to the case of an electric vehicle advanced prototype; a verification of the method is also constituted by the evaluation of the drag coefficient of the vehicle. The results are very satisfactory both for the present research necessity and for the further applications of the method in the same and other research areas.

   Comparative investigation on standard and multiphase buck converters for automotive applications
By A. Consoli; G. Scarcella; A. Testa; G. Catona [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Waiting for the introduction of full 42V electrical supply systems on next generation vehicles, dual voltage architectures today represent an intermediate solution to rapidly fulfill the increasing request of electric power in modern cars, while exploiting standard low cost 14V components. In such systems the two power buses are interconnected through a suitable electronic interface managing a bidirectional power flow. Among different candidate topologies to realize such an electronic interface multiphase converters are advantaged because of lower input current ripple, high efficiency and compactness. A three phase bilateral DC/DC converter aimed to equip a dual voltage C segment car is presented and experimentally compared with a bilateral single phase DC/DC converter.

   Driving characteristics of electric vehicle system with independently driving fronty and rear wheels
By N. Mutoh; T. Horigome; K. Takita [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A new type electric vehicle drive system is proposed which has suitable functions for an urban car to easily cope with common situations such as traffic jams, and starting and stopping operations, and the special situation of failure of the motor drive system while running on city routs. The proposed electric vehicle drive system has a permanent magnet synchronous motor (SM) for the front wheel drive and an induction motor (IM) for the rear wheel drive. Various functions have been verified through simulations and experiences with an experimental driving apparatus equivalent to the actual system.

   Choke converter with high power density for electric vehicles
By A. Falk; M. Victor [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Concepts for electrical vehicles are unthinkable without cycle-resistant storage units (mostly Ultra-Caps). A choke converter with high power density to charge and discharge these storage units is presented. Intermittent current and phase-shifted triggering enable minimum weights (especially for the chokes) and high efficiencies. As an example for such a converter technique a 500 kW step-down converter for a railway traction system is introduced.

EPE 2003 - Topic 11a: Road Vehicles
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2003 - Conference > EPE 2003 - Topic 11: POWER ELECTRONICS AND DRIVES IN SURFACE TRANSPORT > EPE 2003 - Topic 11a: Road Vehicles
	[return to parent folder]

	DC-DC Converter for charging and discharging super-capacitors used in electric hybrid cars By Z. Cerovsky; V. Pavelka	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Experimental working stand for electric and hybrid car drive research was projected in the Research Centre JB at the Technical University in Prague. Super capacitors are implemented. They are able to accept the kinetic energy during breaking the vehicle and regenerate it during next speeding up. The power at which the energy can be transferred via DC-DC converter is studied in this paper. It is limited by the duty factor of the DC – DC converter and by the resistance R in the converter circuit mainly. The ratio of the super capacitor and intermediate traction circuit voltages and the inductivity of the inductance in the DC – DC converter influence the maximum power at which the energy can be transferred via DC-DC converter too but not so drastically.

	Ring shaped motor-integrated electric drive for hybrid electric vehicles By Y. Tadros; J. Ranneberg; U. Schäfer	[View] [Download]
Abstract: An electric drive with motor integrated power electronics for the use in hybrid electric vehicles is presented. Novel technologies and specially designed components to fulfil the excessive temperature and restricted space requirements are shown. They allow a low cost full integration of the electric drive in a passenger car power train. The converter has circular shape and is inserted in the stator housing around the end windings of the motor. Experimental results of investigations at a first prototype show the potentials of the proposed integration technologies.

	Experimental identification of electronic throttle body By D. Pavkoviæ; J. Deur; M. Jansz; N. Peric	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Detailed off-line experimental identification of an automotive electronic throttle body (ETB) servo drive is carried out with the aim to aid design of a high-performance electronic throttle control strategy. The linear and nonlinear parts of the ETB model are conveniently identified separately. Identification of ETB linear dynamics includes a multi-step identification method based on the physical ETB model form, and single-step methods based on the black-box continuous-time and discrete-time ETB model forms. The nonlinear effects identified include static and dynamic friction effects, and distinctive limp-home nonlinearity.

	New drive system using decentralized inverters for electric vehicle By Y. Akaishi; T. Ohmae; R. Masaki; F. Tajima	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In this paper, a new drive system using decentralized inverters for electric vehicles is proposed. Features of this system are to remarkably improve the reliability of electric vehicles using plural inverters. The characteristics of the proposed system are clarified by analysis and simulation using actual vehicle specifications. From the result, the proposed system is effective for improvement of the reliability in electric vehicles.

	Evaluation of the reliability of an automotive permanent magnet synchrous motor drive By H. Schwab; A. Klönne; S. Reck; I. Ramesohl	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Using reliability prediction methods, the failure rates of all of the electronic components of a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive were calculated, using reliability handbooks and field data, taking into account the harsh temperature condition of the automotive application. It was then possible to identify the weak points of the system and to compare inverter topologies, in order to improve the reliability and safety.

	Optimized energy generator and storage system for electric hybrid vehicles By P. Granchinho Matos; J. Esteves	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Limited autonomy allowed by available batteries imposes seeking another solutions for electric road vehicles. Series hybrid electric solutions including a thermal motor running an electric alternator or a fuel cell appear as alternatives to be considered for autonomy improvement. A correct dimensioning of the several enrolled components on the driven powertrain allows an optimised solution in the use of the power source. This paper proposes a methodology using simulation and experimental results to be used as design tool for the driven powertrain components. It is shown that in a series hybrid electric vehicle with a power source running at an optimised constant power value, the intermediate energy storage system (batteries or other) complements the instantaneous power delivery. It is verified that knowledge of the vehicle daily use is important for the proposed optimization. More, this concept allows considering a lower value for power source and, consequently, a vehicle presenting a lower consumption and a better overall efficiency, reducing vehicle environmental impact and running costs.

	Electrical drives for drive-by-wire systems in surface vehicles By P. Bolognesi; O. Bruno; A. Landi; L. Sani; L. Taponecco	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The transition from conventional mechanical-hydraulic actuation systems to innovative "x-by-wire" solutions in the treatment and transmission of pilot's commands represents a new leading edge for the automotive industry. Relevant improvements are indeed expected from the introduction of electrical drives suitably controlled by hierarchical computer-based management systems interconnected through a field bus: better performances, greater overall safety and reliability, higher efficiency, lower emissions, reduced maintenance etc. Starting from the servo-systems presently adopted, this paper aims to presents an overview of the main issues and of the most interesting solutions proposed in the technical literature, particularly referring to the aspects regarding electric machines and drives. The potential benefits with respect to conventional systems are highlighted, and some orienting considerations are formulated referring both to conventional powertrain structures and to hybrid and electric vehicles.

	High speed induction motor modelling for the energetic identification of industrial variable speed mechanical loads: an application test for a light EV prototyp By A. Cavagnino; L. Ferraris	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The necessity of evaluating the power required by every part of complex mechanical systems or machines is increasing. Of particular interest is the case constituted by an electric vehicle, considered as a series of elements requiring power for the vehicle behaviour. For the analysis performed in the paper the basic point is the possibility of knowing the electric motor shaft power from input measurements. In the work the output motor power is indirectly obtained by the calculation of the actual motor losses, with the introduction of a voice defined as “total induced losses” contribution. The method has been applied to the case of an electric vehicle advanced prototype; a verification of the method is also constituted by the evaluation of the drag coefficient of the vehicle. The results are very satisfactory both for the present research necessity and for the further applications of the method in the same and other research areas.

	Comparative investigation on standard and multiphase buck converters for automotive applications By A. Consoli; G. Scarcella; A. Testa; G. Catona	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Waiting for the introduction of full 42V electrical supply systems on next generation vehicles, dual voltage architectures today represent an intermediate solution to rapidly fulfill the increasing request of electric power in modern cars, while exploiting standard low cost 14V components. In such systems the two power buses are interconnected through a suitable electronic interface managing a bidirectional power flow. Among different candidate topologies to realize such an electronic interface multiphase converters are advantaged because of lower input current ripple, high efficiency and compactness. A three phase bilateral DC/DC converter aimed to equip a dual voltage C segment car is presented and experimentally compared with a bilateral single phase DC/DC converter.

	Driving characteristics of electric vehicle system with independently driving fronty and rear wheels By N. Mutoh; T. Horigome; K. Takita	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A new type electric vehicle drive system is proposed which has suitable functions for an urban car to easily cope with common situations such as traffic jams, and starting and stopping operations, and the special situation of failure of the motor drive system while running on city routs. The proposed electric vehicle drive system has a permanent magnet synchronous motor (SM) for the front wheel drive and an induction motor (IM) for the rear wheel drive. Various functions have been verified through simulations and experiences with an experimental driving apparatus equivalent to the actual system.

	Choke converter with high power density for electric vehicles By A. Falk; M. Victor	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Concepts for electrical vehicles are unthinkable without cycle-resistant storage units (mostly Ultra-Caps). A choke converter with high power density to charge and discharge these storage units is presented. Intermittent current and phase-shifted triggering enable minimum weights (especially for the chokes) and high efficiencies. As an example for such a converter technique a 500 kW step-down converter for a railway traction system is introduced.