EPE Journal Volume 14-1 
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EPE Journal Volume 14-1 - Editorial
EPE Journal Volume 14-1 - Papers
 

  

 

 EPE Journal Volume 14-1 - Editorial 

EPE Journal 14-1 - Editorial  [Details]
By D. Ban; S. Bolognani; I. Nagy

The Editorial of the EPE Journal Volume 14 N°1, written by Prof. D. Ban, Prof. S. Bolognani and Prof. I. Nagy.

 

 EPE Journal Volume 14-1 - Papers 

New Perspectives for Electrical Motors in Adjustable Speed Drives  [Details]
By S. Bolognani; N. Bianchi; M. Zigliotto

In the area of electric drives, electrical motors are arousing a renewed interest, due to the trend of using applicationoriented motors, instead of general-purpose ones, in both civil and industrial applications. According to this trend, new motors are designed and studied to comply with new requirements. Innovative design procedures, new materials and refined manufacturing technology are experienced, encouraging the investigation of new application fields. This paper is mainly devoted to the description of the state-of-the-art and the trends in electrical motors for drives. At first, a review of their market is discussed. Then, the paper presents some innovative aspects of motors technology. At last, new interesting fields of application are proposed.


Electric Motors for Light Traction  [Details]
By J. F. Gieras, N. Bianchi

Modern electric motors for road electric vehicles (automobiles, scooters, bicycles), light rail transit (street cars, trolley lines, subway trains), guided transit systems and elevators have been discussed. The paper aims at various types of rotary brushless motors, direct electromechanical drives and practical solutions to light traction systems. Modern permanent magnet (PM) motor technologies offer diversity of cutting-edge technology brushless motors, i.e., motors with one slot coil pitch windings, transverse flux motors, coreless disc type motors and PM assisted synchronous reluctance motors. There is a wide interest in liquid cooled traction motors and inverters as those apparatus minimize the volume of electromechanical drive systems and increase their power density. Frequently, the traction motor for road vehicles is integrated with a solid state converter. Light traction with linear motors has not been considered. Although induction motors are the most popular motors, PM brushless motors are more efficient, more compact, have better steady-state and dynamic performance at low speeds and are excellent motors for direct drive traction application.


Electric Motors for Home Applications - Development of Environment-Friendly Electric Motors  [Details]
By S. Morimoto; Y. Takeda; H. Murakami

This paper describes the recent technology and the trends of motors for home applications. The features such as high-efficiency, low-noise, small size and low-cost are demanded for the motors of home applications. The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has come to be used as a motor to satisfy such demands in Japan. This paper mainly describes the technology of PMSM design for the compressor drive application such as an air conditioner. The effects of rotor configurations including the arrangement of permanent magnets on the efficiency performance are examined and the stator configurations such as the distributed winding and the concentrated winding are also discussed. The effects of the ratio of magnet torque and reluctance torque on both efficiency and cost are also discussed. Several motors used for the actual electric home appliances such as air conditioner, refrigerator and washer are introduced.


Electric Motors for Automotive Applications  [Details]
By T. Sebastian; S. Mir; M. Islam

The use of electric motors in automobiles has been steadily increasing since the mid 1900’s. The application of speed or torque controlled motors in automobiles is fueled by the need for improved fuel economy, and the demand for vehicles with more comfort and convenience. Though the advances in power and control electronics and the developments in highenergy magnets have enhanced the cost effectiveness of such systems, many more advances will be required before large scale use of such machines in automobiles is achieved. This paper discusses the trends and challenges in introducing these motors into automotive applications. The paper also discusses the potential motor technologies and the key developments that are needed for these motors to be acceptable for automotive applications.


Soft Magnetic Composite Materials Applied to Electric Motors  [Details]
By P. Jansson

The advent of soft magnetic composites (SMC) opens the arena for innovative electrical machine designs with three dimensional flux paths for mass production. The key to commercial success lies in interactive multi-disciplinary co-operation with parallel development activities. The SMC materials are based on iron powder particles with surface insulation for low eddy current loss. Insulated particles, such as those used for dust cores have existed for many years, however these low density products with permeability values of 150 to 200 and low saturation induction are better suited to high frequency applications. The thin inorganic insulation of the SMC materials allows heat treatment at 500°C, which results in a partial stress relief and permeabilities of 500 and above. High flux density requires high component density, which is achieved with high compressibility powders. The compressibility of the powder is dependent on the surface coating, which must be minimized. The SMC materials are suitable for large scale mass production of complex components with good tolerances, smooth surfaces, no secondary operations and no material waste. Electrical machines with two dimensional flux paths benefit from the use of laminated electrical steel as the anisotropic properties are put to advantage. Machines such as claw pole motors, transverse flux machines etc. have not achieved widespread industrial use, as these require a material with isotropic properties suitable for mass production. However SMC material data alone is insufficient as the sole aspect for design focus. A new design should incorporate all aspects of the new motor including windings, permanent magnets, reduction in the number of parts and simplification of assembly. It is first when all the advantages of concurrent engineering are applied that full commercial success can be achieved.


Linear Electromagnetic Actuators and Their Control: a Review  [Details]
By I. Boldea

Linear electromagnetic actuators develop directly thrust and thus linear motion. In principle rotary motion electromagnetic motors may be turned into their linear counterparts by cutting them axially and spreading them in a plane. Rotary electromagnetic motors are predominant in industry but linear electromagnetic motors (actuators) are increasingly getting ground for linear industrial motion control. Typical applications are related to people movers (Fig. 1) whose acceleration and deceleration rates are freed from adherence and thus have lower deadweight per passenger; also they are almost maintenance free and easy to control them from on ground station; lower kWh per passenger and kilometer is obtained due to also full regenerative braking. Recent applications are related to industrial linear motion control with or without integrated magnetic suspension. While they are as many types of linear electromagnetic actuators as rotary ones, their control is also similar. So vector control and DTC is used for AC progressive motion linear electromagnetic actuators. Flux control may be used for suspension control. Fast action solenoids with or without PMs are proposed for valves actuation in internal combustion motors while conventional solenoids represent a mature and dynamic technology. Finally, oscillatory linear motion is used in linear generators and motors. Linear generators are driven by Stirling engines for space or home electricity generation and linear oscillomotors are proposed for small compressor drives. The paper reviews the principles, performance characteristics, design, control and recent applications of linear electric actuators.