EPE Association: EPE 1999 - Topic 09c: FACTS

EPE 1999 - Topic 09c: FACTS
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1999 - Conference > EPE 1999 - Topic 09: POWER ELECTRONICS IN GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION > EPE 1999 - Topic 09c: FACTS

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   A Classification Scheme for FACTS Controllers
By M. Tavakoli Bina; D. C. Hamill [View]
[Download]

Abstract: There currently exists no formal classification scheme for flexible alternating-current transmission systems (FACTS) controllers, and the paper aims to remedy this. The proposed classification is based on five characteristics of the controllers: connection, commutation, switching frequency, energy storage and presence of a dc port. There are 180 combinations. Six examples are examined, and all the main existing FACTS controllers are tabulated and classified.

   Applying Switches and Compensators Based on Power Electronics for...
By M. Magalhaes de Oliveira; A. Ekström [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The paper presents the application of power electronic switches and compensators applied at distribution systems, usually called Custom Power devices. From the point of view of power quality, the most problematic disturbance in distribution systems is the occurrence of faults that can lead to voltage interruptions and sags (dips). In order to interrupt or limit fault currents, alternatives based on power electronics are investigated in a typical distribution network. The transfer between two feeders of the voltage supplied to a load, with the help of thyristors, is also presented. A more sophisticated solution for avoiding voltage sags to critical processes is the series connection of a forcedcommutated voltage-source converter, in a configuration called Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR). The proposed mitigation techniques are demonstrated through results from test cases performed at an analog real-time model scaled to low power.

   Control System for a UPFC in a Transmission Line
By A. Garcìa Cerrada; P. Garcìa González [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper focusses on the control of the power flow through a transmissionline using a PWM-based UPFC. The dynamic model of the UPFC has been developed using the space-vector representation of the instantaneous three-phase variables. The Park's transformation and the reference frame selected reduce the control of the real- and reactive power flows to the control of the d- and q-axis currents, respectively. The proposed control scheme produces fast and decoupled response of the real and reactive power flow through a transmission line. The system performance has been simulated under normal operation condition and under fault conditions. A 15 kVA prototype with 750 Hz switching frequency has been built to illustrate the main contributions. Experimental results agree with the theoretical analysis and the simulation results. Finally, the bandwithof the UPFC has been characterized. The theoretical closed-loop transfer function agrees with the experimental one. It is shown that the bandwith of the UPFC is high enough to damp the mmain perturbations of a power system. Under fault conditions in a typical scenario, power system oscillations can be damped quickly with the UPFC.

   Critical Design Aspects of Electronic Tap Changer for 500 kVA Transformer
By P. Bauer; S. W. H. de Haan [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Electronic tap changer for 500kVA distribution power transformer with continuous PWM switching operation was designed and tested. Besides many important issues such as the converter (tap changer) topology, actual switching pattern, isolation voltage, selection of the power supplies, system lay-out, etc... there is one critical design aspect that made the difference between working or failing concept. Current measurement method preventing a DC saturation and DC flux of the transformer under some circumstances appeared to be critical for the success of the electronic tap changer. The practical experience with the designed converter - electronic tap changer showed its importance. In this paper this design aspect is investigated and its solution is proposed.

   High Voltage Booster for Railways
By M. Crappe; J. Trecat; M. Renglet; S. Bacha; Y.Besanger; C. Courtois; A. Talibart; M. Fracchia; M. Garbero; G. Depreville [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper is dealing with a high voltage (25kV) booster (HVB) in railways with fast response for voltage drop compensation (substation transformer and catenary). It presents results of studies made within a joint project funded by the European Commission (DGVII) under the Transport RTD programme, in order to choose innovative solutions using power electronics for building a prototype in a further CE Project.

   Power Flow Control on Series Compensated Transmission Lines with an UPFC
By C. Tuttas [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is able to realize a fast power flow control on series compensated transmission lines. This paper presents a control concept, working with a subsynchronous damping loop, PI controllers and linear filters for system decoupling. The controller shows a high dynamic behaviour and a good robustness to parameter changes of the power system.

   Rotating System Tie Frequency Converter 60 Hz- 25 Hz with Rotor Converter at a Double Fed Induction Machine
By H. Weiss; P. Ebner; A. Schmidhofer [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The proposed system tie frequency converter 60 Hz – 25 Hz single phase (rated power 60 MW) is composed of a three phase slip ring (double fed) induction machine with rotor circuit d.c. link converter and a synchronous machine without gear. Power circuit, control strategies, power transfer under steady-state and transient conditions and the running up procedure are described.

   Study of the Optimal Location and Control of UPFCs in a Standard Power System by Simulation with Eurostag
By S. Dupuis; M. Crappe; J. Trécat; K. L. Lo; T. T. Ma; K. Karoui [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper is dealing with studies of UPFC by Eurostag software simulations. The UPFC structure and its modeling by Eurostag are presented. The IEEE-14 bus test system is regulated by three UPFCs which support voltage profile, regulate power flows and minimize losses. The influence of UPFC locations in a line is analyzed. These studies are compared with those in paper (2).

EPE 1999 - Topic 09c: FACTS
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1999 - Conference > EPE 1999 - Topic 09: POWER ELECTRONICS IN GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION > EPE 1999 - Topic 09c: FACTS
	[return to parent folder]

	A Classification Scheme for FACTS Controllers By M. Tavakoli Bina; D. C. Hamill	[View] [Download]
Abstract: There currently exists no formal classification scheme for flexible alternating-current transmission systems (FACTS) controllers, and the paper aims to remedy this. The proposed classification is based on five characteristics of the controllers: connection, commutation, switching frequency, energy storage and presence of a dc port. There are 180 combinations. Six examples are examined, and all the main existing FACTS controllers are tabulated and classified.

	Applying Switches and Compensators Based on Power Electronics for... By M. Magalhaes de Oliveira; A. Ekström	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The paper presents the application of power electronic switches and compensators applied at distribution systems, usually called Custom Power devices. From the point of view of power quality, the most problematic disturbance in distribution systems is the occurrence of faults that can lead to voltage interruptions and sags (dips). In order to interrupt or limit fault currents, alternatives based on power electronics are investigated in a typical distribution network. The transfer between two feeders of the voltage supplied to a load, with the help of thyristors, is also presented. A more sophisticated solution for avoiding voltage sags to critical processes is the series connection of a forcedcommutated voltage-source converter, in a configuration called Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR). The proposed mitigation techniques are demonstrated through results from test cases performed at an analog real-time model scaled to low power.

	Control System for a UPFC in a Transmission Line By A. Garcìa Cerrada; P. Garcìa González	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper focusses on the control of the power flow through a transmissionline using a PWM-based UPFC. The dynamic model of the UPFC has been developed using the space-vector representation of the instantaneous three-phase variables. The Park's transformation and the reference frame selected reduce the control of the real- and reactive power flows to the control of the d- and q-axis currents, respectively. The proposed control scheme produces fast and decoupled response of the real and reactive power flow through a transmission line. The system performance has been simulated under normal operation condition and under fault conditions. A 15 kVA prototype with 750 Hz switching frequency has been built to illustrate the main contributions. Experimental results agree with the theoretical analysis and the simulation results. Finally, the bandwithof the UPFC has been characterized. The theoretical closed-loop transfer function agrees with the experimental one. It is shown that the bandwith of the UPFC is high enough to damp the mmain perturbations of a power system. Under fault conditions in a typical scenario, power system oscillations can be damped quickly with the UPFC.

	Critical Design Aspects of Electronic Tap Changer for 500 kVA Transformer By P. Bauer; S. W. H. de Haan	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Electronic tap changer for 500kVA distribution power transformer with continuous PWM switching operation was designed and tested. Besides many important issues such as the converter (tap changer) topology, actual switching pattern, isolation voltage, selection of the power supplies, system lay-out, etc... there is one critical design aspect that made the difference between working or failing concept. Current measurement method preventing a DC saturation and DC flux of the transformer under some circumstances appeared to be critical for the success of the electronic tap changer. The practical experience with the designed converter - electronic tap changer showed its importance. In this paper this design aspect is investigated and its solution is proposed.

	High Voltage Booster for Railways By M. Crappe; J. Trecat; M. Renglet; S. Bacha; Y.Besanger; C. Courtois; A. Talibart; M. Fracchia; M. Garbero; G. Depreville	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper is dealing with a high voltage (25kV) booster (HVB) in railways with fast response for voltage drop compensation (substation transformer and catenary). It presents results of studies made within a joint project funded by the European Commission (DGVII) under the Transport RTD programme, in order to choose innovative solutions using power electronics for building a prototype in a further CE Project.

	Power Flow Control on Series Compensated Transmission Lines with an UPFC By C. Tuttas	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is able to realize a fast power flow control on series compensated transmission lines. This paper presents a control concept, working with a subsynchronous damping loop, PI controllers and linear filters for system decoupling. The controller shows a high dynamic behaviour and a good robustness to parameter changes of the power system.

	Rotating System Tie Frequency Converter 60 Hz- 25 Hz with Rotor Converter at a Double Fed Induction Machine By H. Weiss; P. Ebner; A. Schmidhofer	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The proposed system tie frequency converter 60 Hz – 25 Hz single phase (rated power 60 MW) is composed of a three phase slip ring (double fed) induction machine with rotor circuit d.c. link converter and a synchronous machine without gear. Power circuit, control strategies, power transfer under steady-state and transient conditions and the running up procedure are described.

	Study of the Optimal Location and Control of UPFCs in a Standard Power System by Simulation with Eurostag By S. Dupuis; M. Crappe; J. Trécat; K. L. Lo; T. T. Ma; K. Karoui	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper is dealing with studies of UPFC by Eurostag software simulations. The UPFC structure and its modeling by Eurostag are presented. The IEEE-14 bus test system is regulated by three UPFCs which support voltage profile, regulate power flows and minimize losses. The influence of UPFC locations in a line is analyzed. These studies are compared with those in paper (2).