EPE Association: EPE 2019 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Control Techniques for Power Converters II

EPE 2019 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Control Techniques for Power Converters II
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2019 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2019 - Topic 03: Measurement and Control > EPE 2019 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Control Techniques for Power Converters II

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   A Comparative Evaluation of Series-Resonant, Bidirectional Optimal Trajectory Controlled Isolated DC-DC Converters
By Remco BONTEN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Recently, a new dynamic control algorithm was proposed for a series-resonant converter, i.e.bidirectional optimal trajectory control. It regulates the amount of charge that is drawn from, orsupplied to, the sources that are connected to the primary and secondary input ports of the converter. Additionally, it realizes a dead-beat control while guaranteeing zero voltage switching of all switches over the entire input and output voltage range.This paper presents a comparative evaluation of a bidirectional optimal trajectory controlled,series-resonant converters with four different switching leg configurations. The comparison comprisesan analysis of bidirectional optimal trajectory control on the semiconductor chip area, the resonant tank volume and losses, and the operating frequency range of the converter. Also included is the implementation complexity, which covers both the measurement and computational effort. Evaluating all advantages and drawbacks of the compared switching leg configurations, the 3-levelfull-bridge full-bridge series-resonant converter shows the most advantageous properties for a series-resonant, bidirectional optimal trajectory controlled isolated DC-DC converter.

   An Unidirectional Single-phase Improved Power Supply Quality with Double Boost Effect Topology
By Jean-Claude LE CLAIRE [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper deals with a performance analysis of the single-phase unidirectional Double Boost Effect rectifier. Two coils are involved in the topology compared to the single-phase Vienna. An investigation of the impact of the ratio of the coils values is done. Experimental results highlight the performance of the converter.

   Analysis of linear Phase-Locked Loops in Grid-Connected Power Converters
By Joachim STEINKOHL [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Fast and accurate synchronization capability of grid-connected converters is becoming more and more important to ensure proper performance during transient events, such as grid faults. The higher requirements during the operation, as Fault-Ride-Through with reactive current injection, cause higher requirements on the operation during severe system conditions. This paper analyzes an addition to Synchronous-Reference-Frame Phase-Locked Loops for power electronic converters, that is linearizing the input signal. This enhances the tracking capabilities during abnormal transient events in the power grid. The improved control is analyzed and its increased performance is validated through simulations and experimental results.

   Compressive Sensing Based Predictive Control of Three-Level NPC Converters
By Ferdinand GRIMM [View]
[Download]

Abstract: We propose a compressive sensing based model predictive control scheme of three level neutral pointclamped inverters with permanent magnet synchronous machines. Therefore an inverse model of thesystem is proposed. The inverse model is then used to set up an optimization problem that yields theoptimal switching state. Contrary to the two level inverter the geometric structure of the space vectorsfor the three level inverters is not optimal for compressive sensing. For this reason we propose a modifiedspace vector selection scheme to overcome this problem that furthermore takes the neutral point voltageinto account. The framework is verified and evaluated with numerical simulations.

   Control of a three-phase series resonant converter based solid state transformer
By Pavel SMIRNOV [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper describes a new reactive current control technique for a high-power bidirectional series-resonant isolated DC-DC converter, namely solid state transformer. The proposed technique based onthe experimental measurement of the three-phase medium frequency transformer. The proposedmethod enables to select the optimal reactive current operating point to achieve the maximumefficiency. A 17 kW three-phase medium frequency transformer prototype has been designed andmeasured. The laboratory prototype of the solid state transformer based on a series resonant converterhas been realized in order to verify the proposed control technique.

   Efficiency Characterization for Model Predictive Control of a Three-phase Voltage Source Converter
By Maria Stefania CARMELI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Voltage Source Converters (VSC) are widely used in a lot of application field; consequently, their analysis and optimization, in terms of dynamic losses, is of primary importance. The availability of a reliable and accurate model is an important step to realize an efficient control strategy. This paper presents a losses model and an innovative control strategy, which integrates Model predictive control (MPC) theory and Feedback Quantizer Modulation (FBQM), minimizing the power converter losses.

   Fully ZVS, Minimum RMS Current Operation of Isolated Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter Employing Dual Phase-Shift Control
By Annoy Kumar DAS [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper proposes the least possible transformer rms current control strategy to operate an isolated dual active bridge (DAB) dc-dc converter using dual phase-shift (DPS) control. Close-form expressions of converter parameters e.g. average and rms current, active and apparent power are derived for four possible operating modes under DPS control. Thereby, the Lagrangian objective function is formulated such that apparent power and hence reactive power are truly minimized for the desired active power transfer. As output power is varied, optimal phase-shift ratios are deduced numerically, which constitute the minimum rms current trajectory. It is subtly utilized to devise a closed-loop controller, which employs feedforward control and obviates the use of a lookup-table-based approach, requiring off-line precomputation of optimal duty ratios. In addition, necessary boundary conditions are also derived to ensures fully \acrfull{zvs} operation in both active H-bridges of DAB converter. A 4.0 kW, 400/400 V, 25 kHz, isolated DAB converter is simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink. At rated output power, a maximum Q/P ratio of 1.158 and a minimum efficiency of 98.77\% are noted. It corroborates that the proposed minimum rms current control strategy works well for DPS control of DAB converter.

   Impact of Converters Interactions on Control Design in a Power Electronics Dense Network: Application to More Electric Aircraft
By Blazej CZERNIEWSKI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The aim of the work described in this paper is to analyze the impact that converters interactions, in apower electronics embedded grid, have on the control performance of each subsystem, with particularfocus on More Electric Aircraft (MEA) applications. The study has been carried out on a notional electricalsystem composed by two three-phase power converters - a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) and anActive Front End (AFE) which are commonly used in More Electric Aircraft applications. The analysishas been conducted in order to show the necessity of using a global control design approach in suchelectrical systems, rather than on individual converters. The modelling approach and controller designare presented in the paper, supported by simulation and experimental validation.

   Impact of DC-Bias on Dual Active Bridge Control and How to Avoid it
By Martin WATTENBERG [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The Dual Active Bridge is a very promising topology for future power converters. However, careless operation can lead to a DC component in the transformer current. The problem is further exacerbated when the phase shift changes during operation. This work presents a study of DC bias effects on the DAB with special regard to transient effects introduced by sudden shifts in the output load. We present a simple yet effective approach to avoid DC bias entirely.

   Investigation of time delay effects on the current in a power converter regulated by Phase-Shift Self-Oscillating Current Controller
By Quentin BELLEC [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper deals with effects of current sensor bandwidth and time delays in a system controlled by a Phase-Shift Self-Oscillating Current Controller (PSSOCC). The robustness of this current controller has been proved in former works showing its good performances in a large range of applications including AC/DC and DC/AC converters, power factor correction, active filters, isolation amplifiers and motor control. As switching frequencies can be upper than 30kHz, time delays and bandwidth limitations cannot be neglected in comparison with former works on this robust current controller. Thus, several models are proposed in this paper to analyze system behaviours. Those models permit to find analytical expressions binding maximum oscillation frequency with time delay and/or additional filter parameters. Through current spectrums analysis, quality of analytical expressions is proved for each model presented in this work. An experimental approach shows that every element of the electronic board having a low-pass effect or delaying command signals need to be included in the model in order to have a perfect match between calculations, simulations and practical results.

   Load voltage direct tracking of a DC-DC buck-boost converter
By Alessandro PALMIERI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Model based control techniques are powerful tools for the output tracking problem of nonlinear systems. However, some major issues appear when non-minimum phase systems are concerned (e.g. buck-boost converter). This paper aims to propose a novel strategy to deal with their unstable behaviour and to successfully solve the control problem.

   Model Predictive Pulse Pattern Control with Integrated Balancing of the Neutral Point Potential
By Tobias GEYER [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A neutral-point-clamped inverter operated with optimized pulse patterns is considered with an induction machine. For this setup, a control method is proposed that achieves high-bandwidth control of the electromagnetic torque and machine magnetization through stator flux trajectory tracking while balancing the inverter's neutral point (NP) potential. More specifically, a model predictive pulse pattern control problem is formulated and solved that addresses stator flux control and balancing of the NP potential in one single control loop. The proposed controller achieves minimal current distortions per switching frequency and is thus well-suited to medium-voltage power converters operating at low pulse numbers.

   Modeling and Optimal Current Control of Five-Phase PMSG - PWM Rectifier SET Non-Sinusoidal EMF Under Open-Circuit Faults
By Abdoulaye DIENG [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Here an optimal current control of 5-phase PMSG under open-circuit faults is done. The model of 5-phase PMSG under open-circuit faults is presented. A robust nonlinear model-free controller with a large bandwidth is proposed to control the non-constants current references in the abcde frame. Simulation and experimental results are done.

   Pole Restraining Control of a Vienna Rectifier
By Marcel GLADEN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Self-commutated rectifiers for power factor correction are time-variant and nonlinear systems. Due to this fact, it is disadvantageous to model and control the rectifier by using the linear-time invariant control theory. In this article, a multivariable state-feedback controller for a Vienna Rectifier has been developed by using the Pole-Restraining approach. The results have been verified by measurements on a power electronic test bench. For this, a rapid-control-prototyping system has been used, on which the control algorithm was executed. The results proof the excellent dynamic behavior of the control concept.

   Selective output impedance based control for grid-connected inverters
By Henrique PARREIRAS COUTO [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper proposes a power control loop strategy for Voltage-Source Inverters (VSIs), based on the use of abc frame PI controllers. Its physical behaviour and mathematical model are presented in detail and the inverter output impedance is derived to analyze the obtained disturbance rejection performance. The results show that the proposed scheme is capable of effectively rejecting disturbances originating from the grid voltage, achieving current THD as low as 2.45\% even with a voltage THD of 28.3\%.

   Simulation of true-bridgeless totem-pole PFC with GaN transistors based on open source environment
By Mateusz ZAPART [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The paper aims to present simulation of totem-pole Power Correction Factor (PFC) circuit. Presentedwork shows simulation model and results with open-source environment in comparison to evaluationboard with GaN transistors. The simulation covers implementation of indirect power factor correctiondigital controller with switches control, voltage regulation, resistive input emulation, modeling nonlinearmain inductor.

   Triangular and Trapezoidal Modulation for Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converters with Fast Switching Semiconductors
By Daniel GOLDMANN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents improved equations to operate a dual active bridge converter with the combined triangular and trapezoidal modulation. They increase the accuracy of the predicted switching times by incorporating parasitic effects such as equivalent resistance, dead time, and limited dv/dt for the semiconductors. The derived equations are verified with a 20kW prototype. Measurements done with the prototype show a significant improvement over the idealized, lossless equations. This allows for predictive, open loop (sensor less) control of the DAB. The measurements show an accurate and fast step response of the DAB converter.

EPE 2019 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Control Techniques for Power Converters II
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2019 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2019 - Topic 03: Measurement and Control > EPE 2019 - DS3c: Standard and Advanced Control Techniques for Power Converters II
	[return to parent folder]

	A Comparative Evaluation of Series-Resonant, Bidirectional Optimal Trajectory Controlled Isolated DC-DC Converters By Remco BONTEN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Recently, a new dynamic control algorithm was proposed for a series-resonant converter, i.e.bidirectional optimal trajectory control. It regulates the amount of charge that is drawn from, orsupplied to, the sources that are connected to the primary and secondary input ports of the converter. Additionally, it realizes a dead-beat control while guaranteeing zero voltage switching of all switches over the entire input and output voltage range.This paper presents a comparative evaluation of a bidirectional optimal trajectory controlled,series-resonant converters with four different switching leg configurations. The comparison comprisesan analysis of bidirectional optimal trajectory control on the semiconductor chip area, the resonant tank volume and losses, and the operating frequency range of the converter. Also included is the implementation complexity, which covers both the measurement and computational effort. Evaluating all advantages and drawbacks of the compared switching leg configurations, the 3-levelfull-bridge full-bridge series-resonant converter shows the most advantageous properties for a series-resonant, bidirectional optimal trajectory controlled isolated DC-DC converter.

	An Unidirectional Single-phase Improved Power Supply Quality with Double Boost Effect Topology By Jean-Claude LE CLAIRE	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper deals with a performance analysis of the single-phase unidirectional Double Boost Effect rectifier. Two coils are involved in the topology compared to the single-phase Vienna. An investigation of the impact of the ratio of the coils values is done. Experimental results highlight the performance of the converter.

	Analysis of linear Phase-Locked Loops in Grid-Connected Power Converters By Joachim STEINKOHL	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Fast and accurate synchronization capability of grid-connected converters is becoming more and more important to ensure proper performance during transient events, such as grid faults. The higher requirements during the operation, as Fault-Ride-Through with reactive current injection, cause higher requirements on the operation during severe system conditions. This paper analyzes an addition to Synchronous-Reference-Frame Phase-Locked Loops for power electronic converters, that is linearizing the input signal. This enhances the tracking capabilities during abnormal transient events in the power grid. The improved control is analyzed and its increased performance is validated through simulations and experimental results.

	Compressive Sensing Based Predictive Control of Three-Level NPC Converters By Ferdinand GRIMM	[View] [Download]
Abstract: We propose a compressive sensing based model predictive control scheme of three level neutral pointclamped inverters with permanent magnet synchronous machines. Therefore an inverse model of thesystem is proposed. The inverse model is then used to set up an optimization problem that yields theoptimal switching state. Contrary to the two level inverter the geometric structure of the space vectorsfor the three level inverters is not optimal for compressive sensing. For this reason we propose a modifiedspace vector selection scheme to overcome this problem that furthermore takes the neutral point voltageinto account. The framework is verified and evaluated with numerical simulations.

	Control of a three-phase series resonant converter based solid state transformer By Pavel SMIRNOV	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper describes a new reactive current control technique for a high-power bidirectional series-resonant isolated DC-DC converter, namely solid state transformer. The proposed technique based onthe experimental measurement of the three-phase medium frequency transformer. The proposedmethod enables to select the optimal reactive current operating point to achieve the maximumefficiency. A 17 kW three-phase medium frequency transformer prototype has been designed andmeasured. The laboratory prototype of the solid state transformer based on a series resonant converterhas been realized in order to verify the proposed control technique.

	Efficiency Characterization for Model Predictive Control of a Three-phase Voltage Source Converter By Maria Stefania CARMELI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Voltage Source Converters (VSC) are widely used in a lot of application field; consequently, their analysis and optimization, in terms of dynamic losses, is of primary importance. The availability of a reliable and accurate model is an important step to realize an efficient control strategy. This paper presents a losses model and an innovative control strategy, which integrates Model predictive control (MPC) theory and Feedback Quantizer Modulation (FBQM), minimizing the power converter losses.

	Fully ZVS, Minimum RMS Current Operation of Isolated Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter Employing Dual Phase-Shift Control By Annoy Kumar DAS	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper proposes the least possible transformer rms current control strategy to operate an isolated dual active bridge (DAB) dc-dc converter using dual phase-shift (DPS) control. Close-form expressions of converter parameters e.g. average and rms current, active and apparent power are derived for four possible operating modes under DPS control. Thereby, the Lagrangian objective function is formulated such that apparent power and hence reactive power are truly minimized for the desired active power transfer. As output power is varied, optimal phase-shift ratios are deduced numerically, which constitute the minimum rms current trajectory. It is subtly utilized to devise a closed-loop controller, which employs feedforward control and obviates the use of a lookup-table-based approach, requiring off-line precomputation of optimal duty ratios. In addition, necessary boundary conditions are also derived to ensures fully \acrfull{zvs} operation in both active H-bridges of DAB converter. A 4.0 kW, 400/400 V, 25 kHz, isolated DAB converter is simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink. At rated output power, a maximum Q/P ratio of 1.158 and a minimum efficiency of 98.77\% are noted. It corroborates that the proposed minimum rms current control strategy works well for DPS control of DAB converter.

	Impact of Converters Interactions on Control Design in a Power Electronics Dense Network: Application to More Electric Aircraft By Blazej CZERNIEWSKI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The aim of the work described in this paper is to analyze the impact that converters interactions, in apower electronics embedded grid, have on the control performance of each subsystem, with particularfocus on More Electric Aircraft (MEA) applications. The study has been carried out on a notional electricalsystem composed by two three-phase power converters - a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) and anActive Front End (AFE) which are commonly used in More Electric Aircraft applications. The analysishas been conducted in order to show the necessity of using a global control design approach in suchelectrical systems, rather than on individual converters. The modelling approach and controller designare presented in the paper, supported by simulation and experimental validation.

	Impact of DC-Bias on Dual Active Bridge Control and How to Avoid it By Martin WATTENBERG	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The Dual Active Bridge is a very promising topology for future power converters. However, careless operation can lead to a DC component in the transformer current. The problem is further exacerbated when the phase shift changes during operation. This work presents a study of DC bias effects on the DAB with special regard to transient effects introduced by sudden shifts in the output load. We present a simple yet effective approach to avoid DC bias entirely.

	Investigation of time delay effects on the current in a power converter regulated by Phase-Shift Self-Oscillating Current Controller By Quentin BELLEC	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper deals with effects of current sensor bandwidth and time delays in a system controlled by a Phase-Shift Self-Oscillating Current Controller (PSSOCC). The robustness of this current controller has been proved in former works showing its good performances in a large range of applications including AC/DC and DC/AC converters, power factor correction, active filters, isolation amplifiers and motor control. As switching frequencies can be upper than 30kHz, time delays and bandwidth limitations cannot be neglected in comparison with former works on this robust current controller. Thus, several models are proposed in this paper to analyze system behaviours. Those models permit to find analytical expressions binding maximum oscillation frequency with time delay and/or additional filter parameters. Through current spectrums analysis, quality of analytical expressions is proved for each model presented in this work. An experimental approach shows that every element of the electronic board having a low-pass effect or delaying command signals need to be included in the model in order to have a perfect match between calculations, simulations and practical results.

	Load voltage direct tracking of a DC-DC buck-boost converter By Alessandro PALMIERI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Model based control techniques are powerful tools for the output tracking problem of nonlinear systems. However, some major issues appear when non-minimum phase systems are concerned (e.g. buck-boost converter). This paper aims to propose a novel strategy to deal with their unstable behaviour and to successfully solve the control problem.

	Model Predictive Pulse Pattern Control with Integrated Balancing of the Neutral Point Potential By Tobias GEYER	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A neutral-point-clamped inverter operated with optimized pulse patterns is considered with an induction machine. For this setup, a control method is proposed that achieves high-bandwidth control of the electromagnetic torque and machine magnetization through stator flux trajectory tracking while balancing the inverter's neutral point (NP) potential. More specifically, a model predictive pulse pattern control problem is formulated and solved that addresses stator flux control and balancing of the NP potential in one single control loop. The proposed controller achieves minimal current distortions per switching frequency and is thus well-suited to medium-voltage power converters operating at low pulse numbers.

	Modeling and Optimal Current Control of Five-Phase PMSG - PWM Rectifier SET Non-Sinusoidal EMF Under Open-Circuit Faults By Abdoulaye DIENG	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Here an optimal current control of 5-phase PMSG under open-circuit faults is done. The model of 5-phase PMSG under open-circuit faults is presented. A robust nonlinear model-free controller with a large bandwidth is proposed to control the non-constants current references in the abcde frame. Simulation and experimental results are done.

	Pole Restraining Control of a Vienna Rectifier By Marcel GLADEN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Self-commutated rectifiers for power factor correction are time-variant and nonlinear systems. Due to this fact, it is disadvantageous to model and control the rectifier by using the linear-time invariant control theory. In this article, a multivariable state-feedback controller for a Vienna Rectifier has been developed by using the Pole-Restraining approach. The results have been verified by measurements on a power electronic test bench. For this, a rapid-control-prototyping system has been used, on which the control algorithm was executed. The results proof the excellent dynamic behavior of the control concept.

	Selective output impedance based control for grid-connected inverters By Henrique PARREIRAS COUTO	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper proposes a power control loop strategy for Voltage-Source Inverters (VSIs), based on the use of abc frame PI controllers. Its physical behaviour and mathematical model are presented in detail and the inverter output impedance is derived to analyze the obtained disturbance rejection performance. The results show that the proposed scheme is capable of effectively rejecting disturbances originating from the grid voltage, achieving current THD as low as 2.45\% even with a voltage THD of 28.3\%.

	Simulation of true-bridgeless totem-pole PFC with GaN transistors based on open source environment By Mateusz ZAPART	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The paper aims to present simulation of totem-pole Power Correction Factor (PFC) circuit. Presentedwork shows simulation model and results with open-source environment in comparison to evaluationboard with GaN transistors. The simulation covers implementation of indirect power factor correctiondigital controller with switches control, voltage regulation, resistive input emulation, modeling nonlinearmain inductor.

	Triangular and Trapezoidal Modulation for Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converters with Fast Switching Semiconductors By Daniel GOLDMANN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents improved equations to operate a dual active bridge converter with the combined triangular and trapezoidal modulation. They increase the accuracy of the predicted switching times by incorporating parasitic effects such as equivalent resistance, dead time, and limited dv/dt for the semiconductors. The derived equations are verified with a 20kW prototype. Measurements done with the prototype show a significant improvement over the idealized, lossless equations. This allows for predictive, open loop (sensor less) control of the DAB. The measurements show an accurate and fast step response of the DAB converter.