EPE Association: EPE 1993 - 49 - Dialogue Session DS3.7: DRIVES: ANALYSIS, MODELLING, APPLICATIONS (PART I)

EPE 1993 - 49 - Dialogue Session DS3.7: DRIVES: ANALYSIS, MODELLING, APPLICATIONS (PART I)
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1993 - Conference > EPE 1993 - 49 - Dialogue Session DS3.7: DRIVES: ANALYSIS, MODELLING, APPLICATIONS (PART I)

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   COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VECTOR CONTROL METHODS FOR INDUCTION MACHINES
By J. A. Santisteban; R. M. Stephan [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Different vector control methods (Field Oriented Control - FOC, Field Acceleration Method - FAM, Universal Field Oriented - UFO, Direct Self Control - DSC and Takahashi method among others) are compared analytically. It is shown that they can be divided into two groups: quadrature control and slip control. The slip control methods, when based on the stator or airgap flux, are approximations only valid for steady state conditions. On the other hand, the quadrature control methods and the rotor flux-based slip control methods are theoretically exact. Finally, the influence of parameter variations in the quadrature control methods is evaluated using simulations.

   ON THE USE OF MACSYMA SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE TO GENERATE SIMULATION SOFTWARES FOR THE CONTROL OF CONVERTER-MACHINE DRIVES
By L. Gerbaud; F. Pazos Flores; A. Bolopion; Y. Baudon: J.-P. Ferrieux [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The study of a complete machine-converter-control association is made easier by splitting the system up into several functional blocks. Different simulation packages, with a modular approach, exist to study this kind of application. This is the case of MC2 [1], a program developed in our laboratory to solve differential equations of electromechanical systems. However, for this kind of package, blocks are usually solved in a sequential manner which may induce limitations on the modular description. To solve these problems due to the modular approach and to keep this approach for the description of machine-converter-control associations, we have developed the tool presented in this paper: MGS. It is based on the Macsyma symbolic language [2], using a modular description for users and automatically generating programs with a global approach. The example of the self-controlled synchronous motor system is used to illustrate this new idea.

   COMPARISON OF THE SENSITIVITY OF THE FLUX CONTROL TO PARAMETER UNCERTAINTIES IN TWO INDUCTION ACTUATOR INDIRECT FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL SCHEMES
By B. Robyns; H. Buyse; F. Labrique [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to compare the sensitivity of the flux control to the parameter uncertainties in two induction actuator indirect field oriented control schemes. In the first control schema, the currents are controlled by PI regulators, whereas in the second one the currents are not directly controlled. In this second schema, interesting for small power motors, the stator currents are not measured but only estimated, what simplifies the hardware implementation. lt is shown that, in the control schema without current control, the flux control is less sensitive to errors on the values of the mutual inductance and of the rotor resistance than in the control schema with current PI regulators. This is demonstrated by a theoretical study and digital simulations. Furthermore the good performance of the control schema without current measurement, which is less common than the control schema with current control, is shown by experimental results.

   A DIDACTIC EXPLANATION OF FIELD ORIENTED SYSTEMS SENSITIVITY
By P. J. C. Branco [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Almost all papers explain rotor time constant influence in field-oriented systems giving us more and more mathematical expressions without show explicitly control variables behavior either in steady- and transient-state for tuned and detuned operations. This work intends to mix either mathematical analysis and more exaustly simulated and experimental results of this problem to give a didactic explanation for all that are studying this problem. It is known that in field-oriented AC motor control, rotor time constant (Tr) knowledge is crucial to obtain high performance because it's important to know instantaneous position of rotor flux that depends on (Tr). Low frequency response, speed oscillations and the loss of input-output torque linearity are the cosequences for detuned operation, decreasing motor drive efficiency. In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model of a three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor is linearized under vector control and it results in a perturbed model that will clarify torque behavior for a rotor time constant decrease or increase in drive system. Expressions are derived to analyze effects in steady-state operation and effects in transient situations. These effects are experimentally verified with a microcomputer induction motor drive system and with simulations of same system.

   COMBINING FIELD ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES AND MACROSCOPIC PARAMETER SIMULATION FOR DESCRIBING THE BEHAVIOUR OF MEDIUM SIZED SQUIRREL-CAGE INDUCTION MOTORS FED WITH...
By R. Belmans; R. De Weerdt; E. Tuinman [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The paper presents a model for simulating the behaviour of a squirrel-cage induction motor. The purpose of the simulation is to calculate the instantaneous torque and currents of the motor. This is done by defining ten geometrically identical phases in the rotor. From this equivalent model, a 13 by 13 inductance matrix (ten rotor phases and three stator phases) is generated using a commercial CAD-finite element program. This calculation is repeated for various rotor positions in order to include the effects of rotor and stator slotting and local saturation. The lnstantaneous currents and torque are then calculated with various forms of input voltage. The motor is considered to be at constant rated speed.

   APPLICATION OF THE DOUBLE FED ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR (DFAM) IN VARIABLE-SPEED DRIVES
By D. Lecocq; Ph. Lataire; W. Wymeersch [View]
[Download]

Abstract: For high power industrial applications requiring high dynamic performance even far in the fieldweakening range, such as spindles used to coil up laminated steel sheets, the wound rotor asynchronous motor with both its stator and rotor fed by a frequency converter offers possibly an interesting solution. Due to the high flexibility of the DFAM (four degrees of freedom) flux, torque, slip and powerfactor of the motor can be controlled independently. And since in the case of wound rotors the rotorcurrents are observable, the computation of the fluxvector doesn't require the knowledge of the (highly temperature dependent) rotorresistance. This fact, and the better field distribution of the wound rotor induction motor as compared with cage induction motors, leads to a more precise open loop torque control. This paper describes the design of the vector controller for an induction motor fed by two IGBT PWM inverters. Results of computer simulations are included.

   LOW FREQUENCY PWM INVERTER USING AN INDEPENDENT RESONANT DC LINK
By K. Elloumi; H. Pouliquen; C. Bergmann [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Low frequency PWM control of a quasi-resonant voltage inverter associated with a suitable high frequency resonant interface is proposed. We can thus consider using this structure for high-power GTO applications, where the target frequency is several kHz, without including high value reactive elements. Actually, decoupling of resonante interface and the inverter is proposed concerning both QRDCLI structure and control. This approach requires modelling of the assembly formed by the oscillating circuit, the converter and the load. Theoretical analysis is validated by an experimental prototype based on digital control of the PWM quasi-resonant voltage inverter.

   APPLICATION OF HIGH SPEED, HIGH HORSEPOWER, ASD CONTROLLED INDUCTION MOTORS TO GAS PIPELINES
By James Oliver; Marek Samotyj; Ron Ferrier [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper discusses the benefits, economic and environmental, for utilizing high speed electric motor drives for pipeline gas compressors. Available motor and power electronic ASD technology is discussed.

EPE 1993 - 49 - Dialogue Session DS3.7: DRIVES: ANALYSIS, MODELLING, APPLICATIONS (PART I)
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1993 - Conference > EPE 1993 - 49 - Dialogue Session DS3.7: DRIVES: ANALYSIS, MODELLING, APPLICATIONS (PART I)
	[return to parent folder]

	COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VECTOR CONTROL METHODS FOR INDUCTION MACHINES By J. A. Santisteban; R. M. Stephan	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Different vector control methods (Field Oriented Control - FOC, Field Acceleration Method - FAM, Universal Field Oriented - UFO, Direct Self Control - DSC and Takahashi method among others) are compared analytically. It is shown that they can be divided into two groups: quadrature control and slip control. The slip control methods, when based on the stator or airgap flux, are approximations only valid for steady state conditions. On the other hand, the quadrature control methods and the rotor flux-based slip control methods are theoretically exact. Finally, the influence of parameter variations in the quadrature control methods is evaluated using simulations.

	ON THE USE OF MACSYMA SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE TO GENERATE SIMULATION SOFTWARES FOR THE CONTROL OF CONVERTER-MACHINE DRIVES By L. Gerbaud; F. Pazos Flores; A. Bolopion; Y. Baudon: J.-P. Ferrieux	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The study of a complete machine-converter-control association is made easier by splitting the system up into several functional blocks. Different simulation packages, with a modular approach, exist to study this kind of application. This is the case of MC2 [1], a program developed in our laboratory to solve differential equations of electromechanical systems. However, for this kind of package, blocks are usually solved in a sequential manner which may induce limitations on the modular description. To solve these problems due to the modular approach and to keep this approach for the description of machine-converter-control associations, we have developed the tool presented in this paper: MGS. It is based on the Macsyma symbolic language [2], using a modular description for users and automatically generating programs with a global approach. The example of the self-controlled synchronous motor system is used to illustrate this new idea.

	COMPARISON OF THE SENSITIVITY OF THE FLUX CONTROL TO PARAMETER UNCERTAINTIES IN TWO INDUCTION ACTUATOR INDIRECT FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL SCHEMES By B. Robyns; H. Buyse; F. Labrique	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to compare the sensitivity of the flux control to the parameter uncertainties in two induction actuator indirect field oriented control schemes. In the first control schema, the currents are controlled by PI regulators, whereas in the second one the currents are not directly controlled. In this second schema, interesting for small power motors, the stator currents are not measured but only estimated, what simplifies the hardware implementation. lt is shown that, in the control schema without current control, the flux control is less sensitive to errors on the values of the mutual inductance and of the rotor resistance than in the control schema with current PI regulators. This is demonstrated by a theoretical study and digital simulations. Furthermore the good performance of the control schema without current measurement, which is less common than the control schema with current control, is shown by experimental results.

	A DIDACTIC EXPLANATION OF FIELD ORIENTED SYSTEMS SENSITIVITY By P. J. C. Branco	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Almost all papers explain rotor time constant influence in field-oriented systems giving us more and more mathematical expressions without show explicitly control variables behavior either in steady- and transient-state for tuned and detuned operations. This work intends to mix either mathematical analysis and more exaustly simulated and experimental results of this problem to give a didactic explanation for all that are studying this problem. It is known that in field-oriented AC motor control, rotor time constant (Tr) knowledge is crucial to obtain high performance because it's important to know instantaneous position of rotor flux that depends on (Tr). Low frequency response, speed oscillations and the loss of input-output torque linearity are the cosequences for detuned operation, decreasing motor drive efficiency. In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model of a three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor is linearized under vector control and it results in a perturbed model that will clarify torque behavior for a rotor time constant decrease or increase in drive system. Expressions are derived to analyze effects in steady-state operation and effects in transient situations. These effects are experimentally verified with a microcomputer induction motor drive system and with simulations of same system.

	COMBINING FIELD ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES AND MACROSCOPIC PARAMETER SIMULATION FOR DESCRIBING THE BEHAVIOUR OF MEDIUM SIZED SQUIRREL-CAGE INDUCTION MOTORS FED WITH... By R. Belmans; R. De Weerdt; E. Tuinman	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The paper presents a model for simulating the behaviour of a squirrel-cage induction motor. The purpose of the simulation is to calculate the instantaneous torque and currents of the motor. This is done by defining ten geometrically identical phases in the rotor. From this equivalent model, a 13 by 13 inductance matrix (ten rotor phases and three stator phases) is generated using a commercial CAD-finite element program. This calculation is repeated for various rotor positions in order to include the effects of rotor and stator slotting and local saturation. The lnstantaneous currents and torque are then calculated with various forms of input voltage. The motor is considered to be at constant rated speed.

	APPLICATION OF THE DOUBLE FED ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR (DFAM) IN VARIABLE-SPEED DRIVES By D. Lecocq; Ph. Lataire; W. Wymeersch	[View] [Download]
Abstract: For high power industrial applications requiring high dynamic performance even far in the fieldweakening range, such as spindles used to coil up laminated steel sheets, the wound rotor asynchronous motor with both its stator and rotor fed by a frequency converter offers possibly an interesting solution. Due to the high flexibility of the DFAM (four degrees of freedom) flux, torque, slip and powerfactor of the motor can be controlled independently. And since in the case of wound rotors the rotorcurrents are observable, the computation of the fluxvector doesn't require the knowledge of the (highly temperature dependent) rotorresistance. This fact, and the better field distribution of the wound rotor induction motor as compared with cage induction motors, leads to a more precise open loop torque control. This paper describes the design of the vector controller for an induction motor fed by two IGBT PWM inverters. Results of computer simulations are included.

	LOW FREQUENCY PWM INVERTER USING AN INDEPENDENT RESONANT DC LINK By K. Elloumi; H. Pouliquen; C. Bergmann	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Low frequency PWM control of a quasi-resonant voltage inverter associated with a suitable high frequency resonant interface is proposed. We can thus consider using this structure for high-power GTO applications, where the target frequency is several kHz, without including high value reactive elements. Actually, decoupling of resonante interface and the inverter is proposed concerning both QRDCLI structure and control. This approach requires modelling of the assembly formed by the oscillating circuit, the converter and the load. Theoretical analysis is validated by an experimental prototype based on digital control of the PWM quasi-resonant voltage inverter.

	APPLICATION OF HIGH SPEED, HIGH HORSEPOWER, ASD CONTROLLED INDUCTION MOTORS TO GAS PIPELINES By James Oliver; Marek Samotyj; Ron Ferrier	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper discusses the benefits, economic and environmental, for utilizing high speed electric motor drives for pipeline gas compressors. Available motor and power electronic ASD technology is discussed.