EPE Association: EPE 2015 - DS2i: Specific Energy Conversion and Conditioning Technologies in Physics Research and Related Applications

EPE 2015 - DS2i: Specific Energy Conversion and Conditioning Technologies in Physics Research and Related Applications
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2015 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2015 - Topic 09: Industry-Specific Energy Conversion and Conditioning Technologies > EPE 2015 - DS2i: Specific Energy Conversion and Conditioning Technologies in Physics Research and Related Applications

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   A 72 kVA very fast four-quadrant converter based on hybrid Si-SiC IGBTs
By Alberto FERRO [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In this paper, the design and experimental results of a prototype of a 72 kVA very fast converter for physics research are presented. Hybrid Si-SiC IGBT power modules and an advanced fast control scheme were used to achieve very small response latency (inf. 50 µs) and high current control bandwidth (3 kHz).

   Design Process and Series Production of the Intersection Control Rack for the European XFEL Linear Accelerator
By Pablo MORENO-TORRES [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The design and procurement of 98 Intersection Control Racks is part of the Spanish in-kind contribution to the European XFEL. This cabinet contains all the necessary electronics to control both the phase shifter and the quadrupole magnet positioning table that belong to the intersections of the undulator segments. A closed-loop control system has been developed, achieving a repeatability of less than 10 m and 1 m, respectively. Special care has been taken to get a repeatable design that minimizes electromagnetic noise and interference. Extensive tests have been conceived and applied to ensure reliable industrial production and quality assessment. Validation tests have been automated, facilitating the identification of defective components and unusual situations during serial production. This paper describes the Intersection Control Rack hardware and software, the design process, the quality assurance system and the main technical difficulties arisen at every design phase.

   Design Solutions for Compact High Current Pulse Transformers for Particles Accelerators' Magnets Powering
By Davide AGUGLIA [View]
[Download]

Abstract: High current pulse transformers are widely used in particle accelerators for feeding pulsed magnets. Usually they need to be installed in very confined spaces, thus requiring compact design solutions. Several magnetic bias solutions are explored with the objective of reducing the core volume and total cost of the converter-transformer system. A concrete example is illustrated via the optimal design of two variants of the same pulse transformer, one with an air-gap and the other without air-gap but with an active magnetic reset. Results show that several solutions exist in order to optimize the volume of pulse transformers; however, this is always done at the expense of a more complex power converter topology or increased magnet volume.

   Efficient Hybrid Optimal Design Method for Power Electronics Converters
By Francisco CABALEIRO MAGALLANES [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a novel design methodology for dimensioning optimal power-electronic converters, which is able to achieve the precision of numerical simulation-based optimization procedures, however minimizing the overall computation time. The approach is based on the utilization of analytical and frequency-domain design models for a numerical optimization process, a validation with numerical simulations of the intermediate optimal solutions, and the correction of the analytical design models precision from the numerical simulation results. This method allows using the numerical simulation in an efficient way, where typically less than ten correction iterations are required. In order to demonstrate the performances of the proposed methodology, the calculation of the control parameters for an H-bridge DC-DC converter and the optimal dimensioning of a damped output filter for a buck converter using the proposed approach is presented.

   EMI filter design of DC-fed motor-drives using behavioral EMI models
By Hemant BISHNOI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Behavioral EMI models for the prediction of common-mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) noise based on Thevenin equivalents were developed earlier for a dc-fed motor-drive system. It was shown that beyond the switching frequency of the drive, the CM noise model behaved like a two-port linear network and could predict changes in the input-side EMI due to any changes in the load-side parameters or vice versa. This CM model was then complemented with linear one port DM behavioral models to predict the total noise at both the input and the output side of the motor-drive up to 30 MHz. The work presented here proposes a method to use these behavioral EMI models for simultaneous design and optimization of EMI filters on both the input and the output side of the motor-drive system, such that the total size of all filters is minimum. All filter designs are experimentally validated against the DO 160 standards for aerospace applications up to 30 MHz. The problems limiting the accuracy of the proposed method are clearly discussed.

   FEA identification of high order generalized equivalent circuits for MF high voltage transformers
By Sylvain CANDOLFI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a specific methodology to derive high order generalized equivalent circuits from electromagnetic finite element analysis for high voltage medium frequency and pulse transformers by splitting the main windings in an arbitrary number of elementary windings. With this modeling approach, the dynamic model of the transformer over a large bandwidth is improved and the order of the generalized equivalent circuit can be adapted to a specified bandwidth. This efficient tool can be used by the designer to quantify the influence of the local structure of transformers on their dynamic behavior. The influence of different topologies and winding configurations is investigated. Several application examples and an experimental validation are also presented.

   Inductive Adders for Replacing Thyratron-Based Modulators at CERN
By MICHAEL BARNES [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Line-type modulators, for example pulse forming lines and pulse forming networks, which use thyratron switches, are currently used in many pulse power systems at CERN. Solid-state modulators implemented with inductive adder technology could replace thyratron based designs in many applications and potentially improve dynamic range, maintainability and reliability of the systems. This paper will discuss the application of an inductive adder for the pulse power modulator of both a future circular collider and as an upgrade to an existing, 45 year old, kicker system.

   Novel Active bouncer Topology for klystron modulators based on pulsed transformers
By Francisco CABALEIRO MAGALLANES [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Active droop compensation systems, so called active bouncers, for klystron modulators based onmonolithic pulse transformers perform the regulation of the output pulse voltage while simultaneouslywithstand all the primary current of the modulator. This imposes the utilization of high powersemiconductors which can produce high switching losses and degrade the overall system efficiency. Inorder to overcome this issue, this paper proposes a new active bouncer topology based on the parallelconnection of two different power converters: the first one is in charge of handling the majority of theprimary current at high efficiency, and the second one is used to fine tune the bouncer voltage via ahigh bandwidth converter rated at a fraction of the first parallel connected converter. Detailedcomparison between a classical active bouncer and two variants of the proposed topology arepresented and based on numerical simulations.

   Power Converter Topologies with Energy Recovery and Grid Power Limitation for Inductive Load Applications
By Stefano ROSSINI [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This work investigates a grid interface for power supplies used in particle accelerators for cycling loads such as large electromagnets. Two topologies are discussed integrating magnetic energy recovery. For each topology, the associated energy management strategies are examined with the objective to control the grid current profile. A model is established for each of the proposed solutions and the simulation results are presented. A critical review of the investigated energy management solutions is attempted.

   Reversible Current Power Supply for Fast-Field Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Equipment
By António ROQUE [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The Fast Field-Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (FFC-NMR) is a technique used to study the molecular dynamics of different types of materials. The main elements of this equipment are a magnet and its power supply. The magnet used as reference in this work is basically a ferromagnetic core with two sets of coils and an air-gap where the materials' sample is placed. The power supply should supply the magnet being the magnet current controlled in order to perform cycles. One of the technical issues of this type of solution is the compensation of the non-linearities associated to the magnetic characteristic of the magnet and to parasitic magnetic fields. To overcome this problem, this paper describes and discusses a solution for the FFC-NMR power supply based on a four quadrant DC/DC converter.

   Solid-state power converter repeatability analysis
By Anthony DAL GOBBO [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a method for evaluating power converter repeatability. The focus is on solid-state switch mode power converter for which the most problematic non-repeatability sources are the jitter of the drivers and of the switches leading to output voltage pulses bad repeatability. Both driver and switch turn-on and turn-off delay dispersion have been measured. These measurements confirm that the delay is Gaussian distributed and that the repeatability prediction method is valid.

EPE 2015 - DS2i: Specific Energy Conversion and Conditioning Technologies in Physics Research and Related Applications
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2015 ECCE Europe - Conference > EPE 2015 - Topic 09: Industry-Specific Energy Conversion and Conditioning Technologies > EPE 2015 - DS2i: Specific Energy Conversion and Conditioning Technologies in Physics Research and Related Applications
	[return to parent folder]

	A 72 kVA very fast four-quadrant converter based on hybrid Si-SiC IGBTs By Alberto FERRO	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In this paper, the design and experimental results of a prototype of a 72 kVA very fast converter for physics research are presented. Hybrid Si-SiC IGBT power modules and an advanced fast control scheme were used to achieve very small response latency (inf. 50 µs) and high current control bandwidth (3 kHz).

	Design Process and Series Production of the Intersection Control Rack for the European XFEL Linear Accelerator By Pablo MORENO-TORRES	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The design and procurement of 98 Intersection Control Racks is part of the Spanish in-kind contribution to the European XFEL. This cabinet contains all the necessary electronics to control both the phase shifter and the quadrupole magnet positioning table that belong to the intersections of the undulator segments. A closed-loop control system has been developed, achieving a repeatability of less than 10 m and 1 m, respectively. Special care has been taken to get a repeatable design that minimizes electromagnetic noise and interference. Extensive tests have been conceived and applied to ensure reliable industrial production and quality assessment. Validation tests have been automated, facilitating the identification of defective components and unusual situations during serial production. This paper describes the Intersection Control Rack hardware and software, the design process, the quality assurance system and the main technical difficulties arisen at every design phase.

	Design Solutions for Compact High Current Pulse Transformers for Particles Accelerators' Magnets Powering By Davide AGUGLIA	[View] [Download]
Abstract: High current pulse transformers are widely used in particle accelerators for feeding pulsed magnets. Usually they need to be installed in very confined spaces, thus requiring compact design solutions. Several magnetic bias solutions are explored with the objective of reducing the core volume and total cost of the converter-transformer system. A concrete example is illustrated via the optimal design of two variants of the same pulse transformer, one with an air-gap and the other without air-gap but with an active magnetic reset. Results show that several solutions exist in order to optimize the volume of pulse transformers; however, this is always done at the expense of a more complex power converter topology or increased magnet volume.

	Efficient Hybrid Optimal Design Method for Power Electronics Converters By Francisco CABALEIRO MAGALLANES	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a novel design methodology for dimensioning optimal power-electronic converters, which is able to achieve the precision of numerical simulation-based optimization procedures, however minimizing the overall computation time. The approach is based on the utilization of analytical and frequency-domain design models for a numerical optimization process, a validation with numerical simulations of the intermediate optimal solutions, and the correction of the analytical design models precision from the numerical simulation results. This method allows using the numerical simulation in an efficient way, where typically less than ten correction iterations are required. In order to demonstrate the performances of the proposed methodology, the calculation of the control parameters for an H-bridge DC-DC converter and the optimal dimensioning of a damped output filter for a buck converter using the proposed approach is presented.

	EMI filter design of DC-fed motor-drives using behavioral EMI models By Hemant BISHNOI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Behavioral EMI models for the prediction of common-mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) noise based on Thevenin equivalents were developed earlier for a dc-fed motor-drive system. It was shown that beyond the switching frequency of the drive, the CM noise model behaved like a two-port linear network and could predict changes in the input-side EMI due to any changes in the load-side parameters or vice versa. This CM model was then complemented with linear one port DM behavioral models to predict the total noise at both the input and the output side of the motor-drive up to 30 MHz. The work presented here proposes a method to use these behavioral EMI models for simultaneous design and optimization of EMI filters on both the input and the output side of the motor-drive system, such that the total size of all filters is minimum. All filter designs are experimentally validated against the DO 160 standards for aerospace applications up to 30 MHz. The problems limiting the accuracy of the proposed method are clearly discussed.

	FEA identification of high order generalized equivalent circuits for MF high voltage transformers By Sylvain CANDOLFI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a specific methodology to derive high order generalized equivalent circuits from electromagnetic finite element analysis for high voltage medium frequency and pulse transformers by splitting the main windings in an arbitrary number of elementary windings. With this modeling approach, the dynamic model of the transformer over a large bandwidth is improved and the order of the generalized equivalent circuit can be adapted to a specified bandwidth. This efficient tool can be used by the designer to quantify the influence of the local structure of transformers on their dynamic behavior. The influence of different topologies and winding configurations is investigated. Several application examples and an experimental validation are also presented.

	Inductive Adders for Replacing Thyratron-Based Modulators at CERN By MICHAEL BARNES	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Line-type modulators, for example pulse forming lines and pulse forming networks, which use thyratron switches, are currently used in many pulse power systems at CERN. Solid-state modulators implemented with inductive adder technology could replace thyratron based designs in many applications and potentially improve dynamic range, maintainability and reliability of the systems. This paper will discuss the application of an inductive adder for the pulse power modulator of both a future circular collider and as an upgrade to an existing, 45 year old, kicker system.

	Novel Active bouncer Topology for klystron modulators based on pulsed transformers By Francisco CABALEIRO MAGALLANES	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Active droop compensation systems, so called active bouncers, for klystron modulators based onmonolithic pulse transformers perform the regulation of the output pulse voltage while simultaneouslywithstand all the primary current of the modulator. This imposes the utilization of high powersemiconductors which can produce high switching losses and degrade the overall system efficiency. Inorder to overcome this issue, this paper proposes a new active bouncer topology based on the parallelconnection of two different power converters: the first one is in charge of handling the majority of theprimary current at high efficiency, and the second one is used to fine tune the bouncer voltage via ahigh bandwidth converter rated at a fraction of the first parallel connected converter. Detailedcomparison between a classical active bouncer and two variants of the proposed topology arepresented and based on numerical simulations.

	Power Converter Topologies with Energy Recovery and Grid Power Limitation for Inductive Load Applications By Stefano ROSSINI	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This work investigates a grid interface for power supplies used in particle accelerators for cycling loads such as large electromagnets. Two topologies are discussed integrating magnetic energy recovery. For each topology, the associated energy management strategies are examined with the objective to control the grid current profile. A model is established for each of the proposed solutions and the simulation results are presented. A critical review of the investigated energy management solutions is attempted.

	Reversible Current Power Supply for Fast-Field Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Equipment By António ROQUE	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The Fast Field-Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (FFC-NMR) is a technique used to study the molecular dynamics of different types of materials. The main elements of this equipment are a magnet and its power supply. The magnet used as reference in this work is basically a ferromagnetic core with two sets of coils and an air-gap where the materials' sample is placed. The power supply should supply the magnet being the magnet current controlled in order to perform cycles. One of the technical issues of this type of solution is the compensation of the non-linearities associated to the magnetic characteristic of the magnet and to parasitic magnetic fields. To overcome this problem, this paper describes and discusses a solution for the FFC-NMR power supply based on a four quadrant DC/DC converter.

	Solid-state power converter repeatability analysis By Anthony DAL GOBBO	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a method for evaluating power converter repeatability. The focus is on solid-state switch mode power converter for which the most problematic non-repeatability sources are the jitter of the drivers and of the switches leading to output voltage pulses bad repeatability. Both driver and switch turn-on and turn-off delay dispersion have been measured. These measurements confirm that the delay is Gaussian distributed and that the repeatability prediction method is valid.