EPE Association: EPE 1995 - 47 - Dialogue Session DS6c: Special Drives

EPE 1995 - 47 - Dialogue Session DS6c: Special Drives
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1995 - Conference > EPE 1995 - 47 - Dialogue Session DS6c: Special Drives

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   POSITION ESTIMATION IN SWITCHED-RELUCTANCE DRIVES
By P. P. Acarnley; C. D. French; I. H. Al-Bahadly [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The paper describes the principles and implementation of a new algorithm for combined flux linkage and rotor position estimation in switched reluctance drives. The algorithm is effective over the whole range of operating conditions, and does not place any limitations on drive operation or require the injection of diagnostic signals. Experimental results demonstrate that the position estimation signal can be used for commutation control at all speeds and conduction angles.

   HIGH DYNAMIC TORQUE CALCULATOR FOR INVERTER-FED INDUCTION MACHINES
By R. Wieser [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A high dynamic digital signal processor based digital torque-calculator for inverter fed cage induction machines is presented. The electromagnetic air gap torque is derived from a machine model, which operates without systematically errors. Calculation is linked to the inverter switching commands. The effects of copper and iron losses are taken into account. During transient states, a kalman-filter calculates the moment of inertia of the rotor to derive the shaft torque.

   A SINGLE-PHASE, REGENERATIVE, VARIABLE SPEED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE WITH SINUSOIDAL INPUT CURRENT
By M. F. Rahman; L. Zhong; S. Y. R. Hui [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The paper presents a single-phase variable speed induction motor drive using just one intelligent power module (IPM) incorporating six switches. The main and the auxiliary windings of a single-phase motor are driven from two legs of the IPM at the rated voltage of 240V RMS. The other leg of the IPM is used as a reversible rectifier with sinusoÃ¯dal input current and for regulating the de supply voltage to the inverter. The drive operates at near-unity power factor, with a wide speed range in both directions.

   NONLINEAR DECOUPLING CONTROL FOR PWM FED INDUCTION MOTOR USING H-inf OPTIMISATION TECHNIQUES
By M. Andreas Purwoadi; J. Kummetz; M. Pietrzak-David; B. de Fornel [View]
[Download]

Abstract: An H-inf controller for rotor speed and flux magnitude control of PWM inverter fed induction motor drives is designed to achieve robust stability against rotor resistance variation and error of rotor flux position estimation. Two linearization strategies are analysed in order to take the most suitable one. It is used than as the linear model to apply H-inf optimisation technique.

   SENSORLESS POSITION MEASUREMENT BASED ON PWM EDDY CURRENT VARIATION FOR SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MACHINE
By P. Laurent; B. Multon; E. Hoang; M. Gabsi [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper proposes a new method for indirect sensing of the rotor position in a switched reluctance motor. The method operates with the rotor eddy carrent losses produced by the PWM converter switching, regardless of magnetic saturation. Experimental results concerning sensitivity and performances are shown in a 6/4, 30w, 3000 rpm switched reluctance machine.

   Electrically Powered Actuation for Civil Aircraft Applications
By Richard M Crowder [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The predicted future changes in the operation of civil aircraft has required aircraft manufacturers and equipment suppliers to develop new system concepts, including power- and fly-by-wire. One aspect of this work is the development of high performance electrically powered actuators. This paper discuss the operation and simulation of a electrohydrostatic actuator for power by wire applications.

   DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR ELECTRIC DRIVES FOR THE THRUSTERS OF UNMANNED UNDERWATER VEHICLES
By S. M. Abu Sharkh; M. R. Harris; R. M. Crowder; P. H. Chappell; R. L. Stoll; J. K. Sykulski [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper discusses design optimization strategies for electric drive systems for the thrusters of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). These are intended to replace current hydraulic systems, with considerable advantages in terms of reliability, efficiency, ease of maintenance, quiet operation and compactness. The paper emphasises the need for the design of the motor and propeller as a coupled unit if good performance is to be achieved. Two types of drive system are considered. In the first, a direct-coupled in-line electric motor is used. The main difficulty with this system is that conventional electric motors are very bulky and their diameter can be a considerable proportion of the propeller diameter, thus obstructing the flow of water. They are considerably larger than hydraulic motors, which is the main reason for using hydraulic systems at present. However, by optimizing the design of propeller pitch and diameter, so as to reduce torque without unduly increasing the power requirement of the thruster, the paper demonstrates that the proportions of commercially available PM electric motors can just about be made acceptable. Using recently developed designs ofhigh-output motor, and redesigning the propeller, motor proportions comparable with hydraulic motors are shown to be possible. In the second form of drive system, which is preferred, the motor and possibly the power and control electronics are integrated within the volume of the thruster duct. This reduces the bulk of the thruster, increases its ruggedness, improves efficiency, reduces cost, and improves the cooling of the motor and electronics. However, fluid friction loss in this arrangement can be very high, because of the relatively large diameter and high peripheral speed of the rotor. But, again by giving attention to propeller hydrodynamics at the design stage, the paper establishes the feasibility, and indeed attractiveness, of this concept. The paper presents details of the design of an integrated thruster which fits well within the structure of a modified standard duct and produces 1800 N of thrust using a 300 mm diameter propeller, with a motor efficiency of 88%. Its overall diameter and length are 370 mm and 150 mm, respectively.

   CONTROL METHODS FOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVES WITH HIGH DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
By P. Brandstetter; M. Mech [View]
[Download]

Abstract: At present adjustable speed A. C. drives with synchronous motors which utilize the permanent magnets instead of the field windings, start to play still more important role. To give a permanent-magnet synchronous motor the same dynamic performance as a DC motor two control principles may be applied: the vector control method or the direct torque control method. This paper presents the characteristics of the permanent magnet synchronous motor drive with both methods and their comparison. The vector control and DSC software algorithms are performed with an I 80 186 Î¼P and TMS 320 10 DSP.

   A NOVEL HIGH SPEED SWITCHED RELUCTANCE GENERATOR
By W. F. Ray; M. T. Ebrahim [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper investigates a high speed switched reluctance (SR) generator suitable for applications such as aerospace and turbo-charged ground vehicles. The generator is two-phase with 16-8 stator-rotor poles. The stator is 70 mm OD by 25 mm core length made of soft ferrite. The rotor comprises 30 Î¼m laminations of amorphous alloy chosen for its mechanical strength. The rotor of the generator was mounted on the protruding shaft of an air turbine and extensive tests were performed at a variety of speeds and supply voltages. The generator is shown to be capable of delivering around 280 Watts to a resistive load at 60,000 rpm, and 60 volts, with an estimated efficiency of around 77%. The paper describes the electromagnetic and mechanical construction of the generator and presents some performance measurements results. The design utilises a simple magnetic model for the SR generator based on a quasi-linear flux-current characteristics which has also been used for performance prediction.

   NOVEL ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATORS USING HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING FILM
By H. Ohsaki; K. Takenami; H. Kaneda; E. Masada [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Application of high-temperature (HTc) superconducting filin is considered for characteristic improvement and new design of electromagnetic actuators: a linear actuator with ladder-shaped HTc superconducting filin in the secondary side. Electromagnetic characteristics of Tl-2223 superconducting film of a single square loop shape, namely its diamagnetic, pinning and shielding properties, shielding current induced in the film, and electromagnetic force characteristics, are investigated in the experiments and also by numerical analysis methods. On the basis of these results feasibility of a linear actuator with ladder-shaped film is discussed.

   A STATIC STARTER FOR LARGE GAS TURBINES
By L. Bojtor; J. Csizmazia; I. Gal; E. Paal; G. Stadler; P. Szilagyi [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A new static frequency converter (SFC) has been developed by Ganz Ansaldo Electric Ltd. in order to supply a highly reliable synchronous drive particularly static starter purposes for large gas turbosets. The paper introduces the configuration and the main design considerations of the SFC, describes the control strategies and the architecture of the microcomputer control system. The test experiences are also presented.

EPE 1995 - 47 - Dialogue Session DS6c: Special Drives
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 1995 - Conference > EPE 1995 - 47 - Dialogue Session DS6c: Special Drives
	[return to parent folder]

	POSITION ESTIMATION IN SWITCHED-RELUCTANCE DRIVES By P. P. Acarnley; C. D. French; I. H. Al-Bahadly	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The paper describes the principles and implementation of a new algorithm for combined flux linkage and rotor position estimation in switched reluctance drives. The algorithm is effective over the whole range of operating conditions, and does not place any limitations on drive operation or require the injection of diagnostic signals. Experimental results demonstrate that the position estimation signal can be used for commutation control at all speeds and conduction angles.

	HIGH DYNAMIC TORQUE CALCULATOR FOR INVERTER-FED INDUCTION MACHINES By R. Wieser	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A high dynamic digital signal processor based digital torque-calculator for inverter fed cage induction machines is presented. The electromagnetic air gap torque is derived from a machine model, which operates without systematically errors. Calculation is linked to the inverter switching commands. The effects of copper and iron losses are taken into account. During transient states, a kalman-filter calculates the moment of inertia of the rotor to derive the shaft torque.

	A SINGLE-PHASE, REGENERATIVE, VARIABLE SPEED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE WITH SINUSOIDAL INPUT CURRENT By M. F. Rahman; L. Zhong; S. Y. R. Hui	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The paper presents a single-phase variable speed induction motor drive using just one intelligent power module (IPM) incorporating six switches. The main and the auxiliary windings of a single-phase motor are driven from two legs of the IPM at the rated voltage of 240V RMS. The other leg of the IPM is used as a reversible rectifier with sinusoÃ¯dal input current and for regulating the de supply voltage to the inverter. The drive operates at near-unity power factor, with a wide speed range in both directions.

	NONLINEAR DECOUPLING CONTROL FOR PWM FED INDUCTION MOTOR USING H-inf OPTIMISATION TECHNIQUES By M. Andreas Purwoadi; J. Kummetz; M. Pietrzak-David; B. de Fornel	[View] [Download]
Abstract: An H-inf controller for rotor speed and flux magnitude control of PWM inverter fed induction motor drives is designed to achieve robust stability against rotor resistance variation and error of rotor flux position estimation. Two linearization strategies are analysed in order to take the most suitable one. It is used than as the linear model to apply H-inf optimisation technique.

	SENSORLESS POSITION MEASUREMENT BASED ON PWM EDDY CURRENT VARIATION FOR SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MACHINE By P. Laurent; B. Multon; E. Hoang; M. Gabsi	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper proposes a new method for indirect sensing of the rotor position in a switched reluctance motor. The method operates with the rotor eddy carrent losses produced by the PWM converter switching, regardless of magnetic saturation. Experimental results concerning sensitivity and performances are shown in a 6/4, 30w, 3000 rpm switched reluctance machine.

	Electrically Powered Actuation for Civil Aircraft Applications By Richard M Crowder	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The predicted future changes in the operation of civil aircraft has required aircraft manufacturers and equipment suppliers to develop new system concepts, including power- and fly-by-wire. One aspect of this work is the development of high performance electrically powered actuators. This paper discuss the operation and simulation of a electrohydrostatic actuator for power by wire applications.

	DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR ELECTRIC DRIVES FOR THE THRUSTERS OF UNMANNED UNDERWATER VEHICLES By S. M. Abu Sharkh; M. R. Harris; R. M. Crowder; P. H. Chappell; R. L. Stoll; J. K. Sykulski	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper discusses design optimization strategies for electric drive systems for the thrusters of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). These are intended to replace current hydraulic systems, with considerable advantages in terms of reliability, efficiency, ease of maintenance, quiet operation and compactness. The paper emphasises the need for the design of the motor and propeller as a coupled unit if good performance is to be achieved. Two types of drive system are considered. In the first, a direct-coupled in-line electric motor is used. The main difficulty with this system is that conventional electric motors are very bulky and their diameter can be a considerable proportion of the propeller diameter, thus obstructing the flow of water. They are considerably larger than hydraulic motors, which is the main reason for using hydraulic systems at present. However, by optimizing the design of propeller pitch and diameter, so as to reduce torque without unduly increasing the power requirement of the thruster, the paper demonstrates that the proportions of commercially available PM electric motors can just about be made acceptable. Using recently developed designs ofhigh-output motor, and redesigning the propeller, motor proportions comparable with hydraulic motors are shown to be possible. In the second form of drive system, which is preferred, the motor and possibly the power and control electronics are integrated within the volume of the thruster duct. This reduces the bulk of the thruster, increases its ruggedness, improves efficiency, reduces cost, and improves the cooling of the motor and electronics. However, fluid friction loss in this arrangement can be very high, because of the relatively large diameter and high peripheral speed of the rotor. But, again by giving attention to propeller hydrodynamics at the design stage, the paper establishes the feasibility, and indeed attractiveness, of this concept. The paper presents details of the design of an integrated thruster which fits well within the structure of a modified standard duct and produces 1800 N of thrust using a 300 mm diameter propeller, with a motor efficiency of 88%. Its overall diameter and length are 370 mm and 150 mm, respectively.

	CONTROL METHODS FOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVES WITH HIGH DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE By P. Brandstetter; M. Mech	[View] [Download]
Abstract: At present adjustable speed A. C. drives with synchronous motors which utilize the permanent magnets instead of the field windings, start to play still more important role. To give a permanent-magnet synchronous motor the same dynamic performance as a DC motor two control principles may be applied: the vector control method or the direct torque control method. This paper presents the characteristics of the permanent magnet synchronous motor drive with both methods and their comparison. The vector control and DSC software algorithms are performed with an I 80 186 Î¼P and TMS 320 10 DSP.

	A NOVEL HIGH SPEED SWITCHED RELUCTANCE GENERATOR By W. F. Ray; M. T. Ebrahim	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper investigates a high speed switched reluctance (SR) generator suitable for applications such as aerospace and turbo-charged ground vehicles. The generator is two-phase with 16-8 stator-rotor poles. The stator is 70 mm OD by 25 mm core length made of soft ferrite. The rotor comprises 30 Î¼m laminations of amorphous alloy chosen for its mechanical strength. The rotor of the generator was mounted on the protruding shaft of an air turbine and extensive tests were performed at a variety of speeds and supply voltages. The generator is shown to be capable of delivering around 280 Watts to a resistive load at 60,000 rpm, and 60 volts, with an estimated efficiency of around 77%. The paper describes the electromagnetic and mechanical construction of the generator and presents some performance measurements results. The design utilises a simple magnetic model for the SR generator based on a quasi-linear flux-current characteristics which has also been used for performance prediction.

	NOVEL ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATORS USING HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING FILM By H. Ohsaki; K. Takenami; H. Kaneda; E. Masada	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Application of high-temperature (HTc) superconducting filin is considered for characteristic improvement and new design of electromagnetic actuators: a linear actuator with ladder-shaped HTc superconducting filin in the secondary side. Electromagnetic characteristics of Tl-2223 superconducting film of a single square loop shape, namely its diamagnetic, pinning and shielding properties, shielding current induced in the film, and electromagnetic force characteristics, are investigated in the experiments and also by numerical analysis methods. On the basis of these results feasibility of a linear actuator with ladder-shaped film is discussed.

	A STATIC STARTER FOR LARGE GAS TURBINES By L. Bojtor; J. Csizmazia; I. Gal; E. Paal; G. Stadler; P. Szilagyi	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A new static frequency converter (SFC) has been developed by Ganz Ansaldo Electric Ltd. in order to supply a highly reliable synchronous drive particularly static starter purposes for large gas turbosets. The paper introduces the configuration and the main design considerations of the SFC, describes the control strategies and the architecture of the microcomputer control system. The test experiences are also presented.