EPE Association: EPE 2009 - Subtopic 08-3 - DS: 'Measurement and Estimation Techniques (in power electronic systems and drives) (I)'

EPE 2009 - Subtopic 08-3 - DS: 'Measurement and Estimation Techniques (in power electronic systems and drives) (I)'
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2009 - Conference > EPE 2009 - Topic 08: 'Measurements and Sensors' > EPE 2009 - Subtopic 08-3 - DS: 'Measurement and Estimation Techniques (in power electronic systems and drives) (I)'

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   Application of optical fiber DC current transformer for railway power system measurement and protection
By Hitoshi HAYASHIYA [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A novel optical fiber DC current transformer with advantages of robustness to the electromagnetic field, simple structure and electrical insulation has developed. In this paper, some measurement results which are difficult to realize by a conventional current sensor and possible future application are shown.

   Coreless Current Measurement Transducer and Instrument for Distorted and Noisy Currents
By Bojan VUJICIC, Zoran MITROVIC, Branislav SANTRAC, Vladimir VUJICIC [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Accurate measurement of distorted, noisy and pulsed currents is still a challenge. Current transformers introduce unacceptable errors in magnitude and/or phase shift. Rogowski coils are useful for clamp-on field measurements, but can be cumbersome to use. This paper presents a transducer consisting of coreless transformer and a non-integrating electronic amplifier. Calibration of two prototype transducers, for primary currents of 20 A and 60 A rms, is presented, confirming excellent linearity throughout the range, both in terms of magnitude and frequency. Together with a dedicated stochastic instrument, these transducers can perform very accurate measurement of distorted mains currents, including the current harmonics as well as measurements of active and reactive energy. Measurement accuracy is confirmed in two cases of low-level, distorted and noisy currents.

   Battery monitoring current sensors: the fluxgate concept.
By Mauro CARPITA, Davide AZZONI, Wolfran TEPPAN [View]
[Download]

Abstract: One of the difficulties concerning battery monitoring applications is the current measurement. Typically the measurement range (DC) can vary from 10 mA up to 1000 A. Todayâ€™s available current transducers are not well adapted to work with good accuracy in this very large domain. In this paper a new measurement principle based on a technology of type ''fluxgate'' [1] is presented, which allows reaching a wide measurement range while guaranteeing an excellent accuracy. The key idea is to use the magnetic field created by the primary (battery) current acting on a saturable inductor. By measuring the intervals to reach inductor saturation and the load current and making use of a suitable microcontroller it is possible to accurately evaluate the value of the primary current for both high and low current levels.

   High-performance position evaluation of optical encoders via a CORDIC algorithm and oversampling techniques on a FPGA
By Christian GRÃ–LING, Yaser DAABOUL, Walter SCHUMACHER, Michael LUX, Thomas ORLIK [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper illustrates a novel approach to obtain an improved position signal from optical encoders. The approach is based on an FPGA implementation of a CORDIC algorithm used for demodulation of the track signals. Due to fast demodulation, oversampling techniques can be used to considerably improve the position signal.

   MEASUREMENT METHOD FOR PV MODULES BASED ON DC-DC CONVERTERS WITH MICROCONTROLLER
By Eladio DURAN ARANDA, Mariano SIDRACH-DE-CARDONA , Juan Antonio GÃ“MEZ GALÃN, Jose Manuel ANDÃšJAR MÃRQUEZ [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper proposes a versatile system to test and measure systematically the real evolution for the I-V characteristic curves of photovoltaic (PV) modules or arrays. The system employs a novel circuit solution based on DC-DC converters that shows several advantages with regard to classical methods: simple structure, scalability, fast response and low cost. The measure of the desired characteristics of photovoltaic modules includes high speed of response and high fidelity. The prototype is governed by a microcontroller and experimental results show the usefulness of the proposed system. Moreover, a user environment has been developed in order to control the overall system from a computer.

   Online Estimation of Signal Parameters in the Presence of Harmonic and Noise Distortion
By Ramin AGHA ZADEH [View]
[Download]

Abstract: An algorithm based on the concept of Kalman filtering is proposed in this paper for the estimation of signal attributes, like amplitude, frequency and phase angle. This technique can be used in protection relays, digital AVRs, DSTATCOMs, FACTS and other power electronics applications. Furthermore this algorithm is particularly suitable for the integration of distributed generation sources to power grids when fast and accurate detection of small variations of signal attributes are needed. Practical considerations such as the effect of noise, higher order harmonics, and computational issues of the algorithm are considered and tested in the paper. Several computer simulations are presented to highlight the usefulness of the proposed approach. Simulation results show that the technique can simultaneously estimate the signal attributes, even if it is highly distorted due to the presence of non-linear loads and noise.

   Thermal loss measurements of high frequency planar transformers
By Andre BUETTNER, Arne NYSVEEN, Magnar HERNES [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This article presents the capability of using a tailor made thermal loss measurement tool to evaluate different winding designs for resonant switch mode transformers in power supplies with frequencies above 500kHz. The measurement tool can meter losses, directly displaying them in only a few minutes (depending on the heat capacity of the material under test). Different winding designs for a planar transformer have been tested. A revolved parallel winding lay-out has performed best in a short-circuit loss test.

   A Digital Technique to Measure the Loop Gain of Power Converters
By Fran GONZALEZ-ESPIN, EMILIO FIGUERES, GABRIEL GARCERA, RAUL GONZALEZ, OSCAR CARRANZA, LUIS GERARDO GONZALEZ [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The study of the loop gains frequency response in a power converter is a powerful tool commonly used for the design of the controllers used in the control stage. As the control of medium and high power electronic converters is usually performed digitally, it is useful to find a method to measure the digital loop gains. The purpose of this paper is to present a method for properly measuring the loop gain frequency response of digitally controlled power converters by means of an analog Frequency Response Analyzer (FRA). An analog sinusoidal reference signal generated by the FRA is injected through an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) into the digital controller, and added to the discrete feedback signal. To obtain the frequency response of the open loop gain, both feedback and disturbed feedback signals are sent back to the FRA by using the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) peripherals of the controller.

EPE 2009 - Subtopic 08-3 - DS: 'Measurement and Estimation Techniques (in power electronic systems and drives) (I)'
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2009 - Conference > EPE 2009 - Topic 08: 'Measurements and Sensors' > EPE 2009 - Subtopic 08-3 - DS: 'Measurement and Estimation Techniques (in power electronic systems and drives) (I)'
	[return to parent folder]

	Application of optical fiber DC current transformer for railway power system measurement and protection By Hitoshi HAYASHIYA	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A novel optical fiber DC current transformer with advantages of robustness to the electromagnetic field, simple structure and electrical insulation has developed. In this paper, some measurement results which are difficult to realize by a conventional current sensor and possible future application are shown.

	Coreless Current Measurement Transducer and Instrument for Distorted and Noisy Currents By Bojan VUJICIC, Zoran MITROVIC, Branislav SANTRAC, Vladimir VUJICIC	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Accurate measurement of distorted, noisy and pulsed currents is still a challenge. Current transformers introduce unacceptable errors in magnitude and/or phase shift. Rogowski coils are useful for clamp-on field measurements, but can be cumbersome to use. This paper presents a transducer consisting of coreless transformer and a non-integrating electronic amplifier. Calibration of two prototype transducers, for primary currents of 20 A and 60 A rms, is presented, confirming excellent linearity throughout the range, both in terms of magnitude and frequency. Together with a dedicated stochastic instrument, these transducers can perform very accurate measurement of distorted mains currents, including the current harmonics as well as measurements of active and reactive energy. Measurement accuracy is confirmed in two cases of low-level, distorted and noisy currents.

	Battery monitoring current sensors: the fluxgate concept. By Mauro CARPITA, Davide AZZONI, Wolfran TEPPAN	[View] [Download]
Abstract: One of the difficulties concerning battery monitoring applications is the current measurement. Typically the measurement range (DC) can vary from 10 mA up to 1000 A. Todayâ€™s available current transducers are not well adapted to work with good accuracy in this very large domain. In this paper a new measurement principle based on a technology of type ''fluxgate'' [1] is presented, which allows reaching a wide measurement range while guaranteeing an excellent accuracy. The key idea is to use the magnetic field created by the primary (battery) current acting on a saturable inductor. By measuring the intervals to reach inductor saturation and the load current and making use of a suitable microcontroller it is possible to accurately evaluate the value of the primary current for both high and low current levels.

	High-performance position evaluation of optical encoders via a CORDIC algorithm and oversampling techniques on a FPGA By Christian GRÃ–LING, Yaser DAABOUL, Walter SCHUMACHER, Michael LUX, Thomas ORLIK	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper illustrates a novel approach to obtain an improved position signal from optical encoders. The approach is based on an FPGA implementation of a CORDIC algorithm used for demodulation of the track signals. Due to fast demodulation, oversampling techniques can be used to considerably improve the position signal.

	MEASUREMENT METHOD FOR PV MODULES BASED ON DC-DC CONVERTERS WITH MICROCONTROLLER By Eladio DURAN ARANDA, Mariano SIDRACH-DE-CARDONA , Juan Antonio GÃ“MEZ GALÃN, Jose Manuel ANDÃšJAR MÃRQUEZ	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper proposes a versatile system to test and measure systematically the real evolution for the I-V characteristic curves of photovoltaic (PV) modules or arrays. The system employs a novel circuit solution based on DC-DC converters that shows several advantages with regard to classical methods: simple structure, scalability, fast response and low cost. The measure of the desired characteristics of photovoltaic modules includes high speed of response and high fidelity. The prototype is governed by a microcontroller and experimental results show the usefulness of the proposed system. Moreover, a user environment has been developed in order to control the overall system from a computer.

	Online Estimation of Signal Parameters in the Presence of Harmonic and Noise Distortion By Ramin AGHA ZADEH	[View] [Download]
Abstract: An algorithm based on the concept of Kalman filtering is proposed in this paper for the estimation of signal attributes, like amplitude, frequency and phase angle. This technique can be used in protection relays, digital AVRs, DSTATCOMs, FACTS and other power electronics applications. Furthermore this algorithm is particularly suitable for the integration of distributed generation sources to power grids when fast and accurate detection of small variations of signal attributes are needed. Practical considerations such as the effect of noise, higher order harmonics, and computational issues of the algorithm are considered and tested in the paper. Several computer simulations are presented to highlight the usefulness of the proposed approach. Simulation results show that the technique can simultaneously estimate the signal attributes, even if it is highly distorted due to the presence of non-linear loads and noise.

	Thermal loss measurements of high frequency planar transformers By Andre BUETTNER, Arne NYSVEEN, Magnar HERNES	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This article presents the capability of using a tailor made thermal loss measurement tool to evaluate different winding designs for resonant switch mode transformers in power supplies with frequencies above 500kHz. The measurement tool can meter losses, directly displaying them in only a few minutes (depending on the heat capacity of the material under test). Different winding designs for a planar transformer have been tested. A revolved parallel winding lay-out has performed best in a short-circuit loss test.

	A Digital Technique to Measure the Loop Gain of Power Converters By Fran GONZALEZ-ESPIN, EMILIO FIGUERES, GABRIEL GARCERA, RAUL GONZALEZ, OSCAR CARRANZA, LUIS GERARDO GONZALEZ	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The study of the loop gains frequency response in a power converter is a powerful tool commonly used for the design of the controllers used in the control stage. As the control of medium and high power electronic converters is usually performed digitally, it is useful to find a method to measure the digital loop gains. The purpose of this paper is to present a method for properly measuring the loop gain frequency response of digitally controlled power converters by means of an analog Frequency Response Analyzer (FRA). An analog sinusoidal reference signal generated by the FRA is injected through an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) into the digital controller, and added to the discrete feedback signal. To obtain the frequency response of the open loop gain, both feedback and disturbed feedback signals are sent back to the FRA by using the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) peripherals of the controller.