EPE Association: EPE 2007 - Subtopic 10-5 - DS: Switched reluctance machines

EPE 2007 - Subtopic 10-5 - DS: Switched reluctance machines
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2007 - Conference > EPE 2007 - Topic 10: 'Electrical machines' > EPE 2007 - Subtopic 10-5 - DS: Switched reluctance machines

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   A Simple Excitation Position Detection Method for Sensorless SRM Drive
By KIM Tae-Hyoung; BEKIESCH Joanna; SCHRÃ–DER GÃ¼nter ; AHN Jin-Woo [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper describes a simplified novel sensorless control of an SRM by detecting a current level during the non-excitation period. Since the inductance of the motor is a function of the rotor position, a simple detecting current pulse caused by a regulated pulse voltage gives information on the rotor position. In this paper, a small detecting pulse current is compared to the preset current levels which are proportional to turn-on and turn-off positions. And the comparison results are used for the excitation of the next phase. The suggested method is verified by some simulations and experimental tests.

   Application of digital phase lock loop for control of SRM drive.
By MACIEJUK Adam; DESKUR Jan [View]
[Download]

Abstract: High performance SRM drive requires precise information concerning instantaneous rotor position. Sensors mounted internally by manufacturers of SRM, are often inaccurate and of low resolution. The substantial improvement of both: resolution and accuracy has been achieved by application of unconventional all digital phase locked loop (ADPLL), which has been implemented in complex programmable logic device (CPLD). The ADPLL is fully synchronized with supervising DSP-based control system for high-performance SRM drive. Such solution is very flexible; the PLL can be easily tuned with DSP or re-programmed in purpose to perform various control strategies. Some proposals for sensorless control with ADPLL are also presented in the paper. Usually, equations describing position estimator or observer are calculated in software. Our approach enables time-critical equations resolved in hardware and there are no limits for high-speed operation.

   Characteristics of a Novel Switched Reluctance Motor having Permanent Magnets between the Stator Pole-Tips
By NAKAMURA Kenji; ICHINOKURA Osamu; MUROTA Kohei [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a novel switched reluctance (SR) motor which has permanent magnets between the stator pole-tips. The proposed SR motor has large torque and high efficiency in comparison with the conventional one. Neither induced voltage nor cogging torque is produced in spite of the existence of the permanent magnets. First, the effect of the permanent magnets is explained by finite element method (FEM). It is shown that the working area of the proposed SR motor is expanded by the permanent magnets. Next, the availability of the proposed motor is clarified experimentally. The maximum torque is increased by approximately 20\% as compared with the conventional SR motor, and the efficiency under a full-load condition is improved remarkably. These mean that the proposed SR motor is suitable for driving an electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) because a smooth acceleration under a full-load or overload conditions is always required.

   Development of High Torque Density and Efficiency Switched Reluctance Motor with 0.1mm short airgap
By MATSUI Nobuyuki; KUME Akiya; WAKAYAMA Hiroshi; KOSAKA Takashi [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a development of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) with 0.1mm airgap length by which high efficiency as well as high torque density can be expected as a 400W machine for servo drive application. A SRM with 0.1mm airgap length is designed by Genetic Algorithm-based optimum design approach so as to be compatible with an existing 400W Permanent Magnet Synchronous servo Motor from viewpoints of high efficiency and maximum torque capability under the equal outer dimensions and power converter ratings. The SRM designed is built and tested experimentally. As a result, it is demonstrated that the test machine realizes high efficiency more than 85\% under the frequent operating conditions while satisfying the required maximum torque.

   Efficient Control Method of Switched Reluctance Motor Using Direct Neighboring Phase Torque Distribution Technique
By GOTO Hiroki; HAI-JIAO Guo; ICHINOKURA Osamu [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Switched Reluctance (SR) motors are expected as low-cost variable-speed motors in industry applications. However, large torque ripple from magnetic saliency constructions is one of serious problems. Strong nonlinearity of magnetic operating area makes the analysis as well as control much difficult. In the paper, we propose a novel torque control method based on the idea of direct neighboring phase torque distribution technique for SR motors, that provide an efficient drive performance for SR motors with very small torque ripple and less negative phase torque. In addition, the proposed method is simple, so the control algorithm can be implemented easily by low cost processors and minimal memories. The results of simulations and experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and impact of the proposed method.

   On-line Phase Measurements in Switched Reluctance Motor Drives
By COSSAR Calum; POPESCU Mircea [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper investigates the on-line reconstruction of magnetisation curves, flux linkage/current (ψ/i) loops and loop torque estimation for switched reluctance machines, including the effects of mutual coupling. The techniques are based on phase current sensing and the reconstruction of phase voltage using the DC Link voltage, the PWM duty cycle and inverter device loss compensation. Tests are included for a 4 phase 8:6 1HP switched reluctance machine, the results showing good correlation with existing direct measurement techniques. It is proposed that the presented estimation techniques can be used in machine parameter identification, optimised control, and fault detection/management.

   Steady-State Behaviour of an AC Autonomous Switched Reluctance Generator
By LLADO Juan; PEREZ Francisco; MARTIN Bonifacio; SANCHEZ Beatriz; POLLAN Tomas; LALOYA Eduardo; MARTINEZ Abelardo; VICUÃ‘A Javier Esteban [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The switched reluctance motor can be used in generation mode by selecting the firing angles of the phases. This implies the use of the asymmetrical half bridge Miller converter and position sensors or position estimators. In this paper an alternative current (AC) switched reluctance generator is studied. Generation is obtained by doing resonate each phase inductance with an external AC capacitor. Although the machine only generates periodically in the negative slope of the inductance profile, the set formed with the machine and a resonating capacitor behaves like an AC generator. The energy periodically generated in the negative slope is stored in the capacitor smoothing the pulsed generating process and spread on an AC cycle. So, the set generates when the inductance profile is either positive or negative. Further, position sensors are not used, the magnetic circuit is used in two quadrants and the current profile does not have switching harmonics. The system simplicity suits to battery charge in isolated locations.

   Sensorless Operation of the Switched Reluctance Machine
By SCHROEDER GÃ¼nter; BEKIESCH Joanna [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents a method for the determination of the rotor position of the Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM). The advantage of this method is simplicity, independence on the DC link voltage and it provides the accurate sensorless rotor position for starting, motor as well as generator operation. Due to the elimination of the sensor the robustness of the drive is increased and the cost is lowered.

   One-Phase Reluctance Generators in Low-Power Wind Plants
By KAMOLINS Edmunds [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Wind power plants (WPPs) are widely used in many countries of the world. In many cases such WPPs are employed as independent installations, in the absence of centralized power supply, whereas in other countries they are used for reducing the cost of electric energy. In such cases the self-produced energy is mostly used in windy days while the centralized power supply when there is no wind. The demand for low-power plants exists also in Latvia, since many farming economies and suburban summer households are remote from the transmission lines, and many consumers are interested in cheaper electric energy. The above said determines a continuous search for the ways of how to reduce the cost of producing low-power WPPs and to improve their reliability. One of the ways of obtaining such result is simplification of the design, improvement of the reliability and reduction in the maintenance cost for wind generators.

EPE 2007 - Subtopic 10-5 - DS: Switched reluctance machines
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2007 - Conference > EPE 2007 - Topic 10: 'Electrical machines' > EPE 2007 - Subtopic 10-5 - DS: Switched reluctance machines
	[return to parent folder]

	A Simple Excitation Position Detection Method for Sensorless SRM Drive By KIM Tae-Hyoung; BEKIESCH Joanna; SCHRÃ–DER GÃ¼nter ; AHN Jin-Woo	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper describes a simplified novel sensorless control of an SRM by detecting a current level during the non-excitation period. Since the inductance of the motor is a function of the rotor position, a simple detecting current pulse caused by a regulated pulse voltage gives information on the rotor position. In this paper, a small detecting pulse current is compared to the preset current levels which are proportional to turn-on and turn-off positions. And the comparison results are used for the excitation of the next phase. The suggested method is verified by some simulations and experimental tests.

	Application of digital phase lock loop for control of SRM drive. By MACIEJUK Adam; DESKUR Jan	[View] [Download]
Abstract: High performance SRM drive requires precise information concerning instantaneous rotor position. Sensors mounted internally by manufacturers of SRM, are often inaccurate and of low resolution. The substantial improvement of both: resolution and accuracy has been achieved by application of unconventional all digital phase locked loop (ADPLL), which has been implemented in complex programmable logic device (CPLD). The ADPLL is fully synchronized with supervising DSP-based control system for high-performance SRM drive. Such solution is very flexible; the PLL can be easily tuned with DSP or re-programmed in purpose to perform various control strategies. Some proposals for sensorless control with ADPLL are also presented in the paper. Usually, equations describing position estimator or observer are calculated in software. Our approach enables time-critical equations resolved in hardware and there are no limits for high-speed operation.

	Characteristics of a Novel Switched Reluctance Motor having Permanent Magnets between the Stator Pole-Tips By NAKAMURA Kenji; ICHINOKURA Osamu; MUROTA Kohei	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a novel switched reluctance (SR) motor which has permanent magnets between the stator pole-tips. The proposed SR motor has large torque and high efficiency in comparison with the conventional one. Neither induced voltage nor cogging torque is produced in spite of the existence of the permanent magnets. First, the effect of the permanent magnets is explained by finite element method (FEM). It is shown that the working area of the proposed SR motor is expanded by the permanent magnets. Next, the availability of the proposed motor is clarified experimentally. The maximum torque is increased by approximately 20\% as compared with the conventional SR motor, and the efficiency under a full-load condition is improved remarkably. These mean that the proposed SR motor is suitable for driving an electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) because a smooth acceleration under a full-load or overload conditions is always required.

	Development of High Torque Density and Efficiency Switched Reluctance Motor with 0.1mm short airgap By MATSUI Nobuyuki; KUME Akiya; WAKAYAMA Hiroshi; KOSAKA Takashi	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a development of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) with 0.1mm airgap length by which high efficiency as well as high torque density can be expected as a 400W machine for servo drive application. A SRM with 0.1mm airgap length is designed by Genetic Algorithm-based optimum design approach so as to be compatible with an existing 400W Permanent Magnet Synchronous servo Motor from viewpoints of high efficiency and maximum torque capability under the equal outer dimensions and power converter ratings. The SRM designed is built and tested experimentally. As a result, it is demonstrated that the test machine realizes high efficiency more than 85\% under the frequent operating conditions while satisfying the required maximum torque.

	Efficient Control Method of Switched Reluctance Motor Using Direct Neighboring Phase Torque Distribution Technique By GOTO Hiroki; HAI-JIAO Guo; ICHINOKURA Osamu	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Switched Reluctance (SR) motors are expected as low-cost variable-speed motors in industry applications. However, large torque ripple from magnetic saliency constructions is one of serious problems. Strong nonlinearity of magnetic operating area makes the analysis as well as control much difficult. In the paper, we propose a novel torque control method based on the idea of direct neighboring phase torque distribution technique for SR motors, that provide an efficient drive performance for SR motors with very small torque ripple and less negative phase torque. In addition, the proposed method is simple, so the control algorithm can be implemented easily by low cost processors and minimal memories. The results of simulations and experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and impact of the proposed method.

	On-line Phase Measurements in Switched Reluctance Motor Drives By COSSAR Calum; POPESCU Mircea	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper investigates the on-line reconstruction of magnetisation curves, flux linkage/current (ψ/i) loops and loop torque estimation for switched reluctance machines, including the effects of mutual coupling. The techniques are based on phase current sensing and the reconstruction of phase voltage using the DC Link voltage, the PWM duty cycle and inverter device loss compensation. Tests are included for a 4 phase 8:6 1HP switched reluctance machine, the results showing good correlation with existing direct measurement techniques. It is proposed that the presented estimation techniques can be used in machine parameter identification, optimised control, and fault detection/management.

	Steady-State Behaviour of an AC Autonomous Switched Reluctance Generator By LLADO Juan; PEREZ Francisco; MARTIN Bonifacio; SANCHEZ Beatriz; POLLAN Tomas; LALOYA Eduardo; MARTINEZ Abelardo; VICUÃ‘A Javier Esteban	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The switched reluctance motor can be used in generation mode by selecting the firing angles of the phases. This implies the use of the asymmetrical half bridge Miller converter and position sensors or position estimators. In this paper an alternative current (AC) switched reluctance generator is studied. Generation is obtained by doing resonate each phase inductance with an external AC capacitor. Although the machine only generates periodically in the negative slope of the inductance profile, the set formed with the machine and a resonating capacitor behaves like an AC generator. The energy periodically generated in the negative slope is stored in the capacitor smoothing the pulsed generating process and spread on an AC cycle. So, the set generates when the inductance profile is either positive or negative. Further, position sensors are not used, the magnetic circuit is used in two quadrants and the current profile does not have switching harmonics. The system simplicity suits to battery charge in isolated locations.

	Sensorless Operation of the Switched Reluctance Machine By SCHROEDER GÃ¼nter; BEKIESCH Joanna	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents a method for the determination of the rotor position of the Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM). The advantage of this method is simplicity, independence on the DC link voltage and it provides the accurate sensorless rotor position for starting, motor as well as generator operation. Due to the elimination of the sensor the robustness of the drive is increased and the cost is lowered.

	One-Phase Reluctance Generators in Low-Power Wind Plants By KAMOLINS Edmunds	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Wind power plants (WPPs) are widely used in many countries of the world. In many cases such WPPs are employed as independent installations, in the absence of centralized power supply, whereas in other countries they are used for reducing the cost of electric energy. In such cases the self-produced energy is mostly used in windy days while the centralized power supply when there is no wind. The demand for low-power plants exists also in Latvia, since many farming economies and suburban summer households are remote from the transmission lines, and many consumers are interested in cheaper electric energy. The above said determines a continuous search for the ways of how to reduce the cost of producing low-power WPPs and to improve their reliability. One of the ways of obtaining such result is simplification of the design, improvement of the reliability and reduction in the maintenance cost for wind generators.