EPE Association: EPE 2007 - Subtopic 08-2 - DS: Measurements and sensors

EPE 2007 - Subtopic 08-2 - DS: Measurements and sensors
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2007 - Conference > EPE 2007 - Topic 08: 'Measurements and sensors (except speed and position sensors)' > EPE 2007 - Subtopic 08-2 - DS: Measurements and sensors

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   A First Evaluation on the Usage of Threshold Triggered Magnetic Field Sensors for Current Polarity Detection in Power Conversion Systems
By HOFMANN Wilfried; KRAUSS Sebastian [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Dead-time effects as consequence of the finite switching time of the power switches in power conversion systems have been investigated over a long period. Multiple techniques to eliminate or reduce the dead-time effect have been proposed over the last years. Beside the reduction of the semiconductor switching times, the main idea is to compensate the dead-time effect with the averaged dead-time error-voltage. A more feasible method is based on the knowledge of the phase current polarity, whereas only those semiconductors are active switched, which are able to conduct the current in the actual direction. The resulting commutation strategy, already known as one-step commutation, is suitable for Voltage Source Converters as well as for Matrix Converters. Beside conventional current sensors, based on the hall-effect, alternative techniques for phase current polarity determination, like the current detection adapted from the forward current-voltage characteristic of the used semiconductors, were described and tested. This paper focusses the potential of threshold triggered magnetic field sensors. Already known as sensor for discrete position and velocity measurement, the Pulse Wire Sensor seems to be suitable as information source for phase current sign. Next to a statistical investigation of the sensor parameter, a proposal for solution, concerning the two basic problems, which accompany the operation of this sensor, is given and verified with experimental results.

   A Wireless ZigBee-based Torque Sensor for an Underwater Power Generator
By LINDH Tuomo; AHOLA Jero; SÃ„RKIMÃ„KI Ville; TIAINEN Risto [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A prototype of a wireless ZigBee-based torque sensor for underwater power generator was built and installed. The torque measurement is implemented using strain gages. A measuring unit and strain gages are rotating with the rotor and sending measurements over wireless ZigBee link to the receiver unit located at the stator. The measurements are sent over RS485 to a computer. In this article, design challenges and solutions are discussed, focusing on wireless data transmission.

   Analysis of Stator Voltage Observers for a Doubly Fed Induction Generator
By THOMSEN SÃ¶nke; ROTHENHAGEN Kai; FUCHS Friedrich W. [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Observers for the stator voltage estimation of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) are described and investigated in this analysis. These are the Disturbance Observer (DO) and the Unknown Input Observer (UIO) with input reconstruction. They are analysed by simulations and laboratory experiments in two different reference frames. Both observers are extended to observe a bilinear system. A pseudo synchronised reference frame is proposed to improve performance. The results of the observers are compared to the results of an inverse model of the DFIG. It can be stated, that the stator voltage is well observed.

   Demodulation Methods on Fully FPGA-Based System for Resolver Signals Treatment
By IDKHAJINE Lahoucine; MONMASSON Eric; BOUALLAGA Kamel; PRATA Antonio [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Their importance and reliability make resolvers key building blocks in flight control and navigation dynamics. This paper gives an overview of the different synchronous demodulation methods, for such devices and lists advantages and drawbacks for each one. A particular attention is given to implantation in the same device of both Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) and algorithm. This true System on a Chip (SoC) solution is realized by the Fusion Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) from Actel Company.

   Determination of the feedback capacity of a low voltage trench gate MOSFET from dynamic measurements
By PETZOLDT JÃ¼rgen; LÃœBBERS Melanie; JACOBS Heiner; HEEB Michael; HÃ–CH Vera [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Information on transient transistor capacities - especially on the feedback capacity - is not only important for the calculation of switching losses and the driver design of automotive electronics but also for estimating their transient and their EMC behavior. However, data sheets supply little information on these capacities. This is why this paper presents a procedure for the determination of the feedback capacity from dynamic measurements. The plausibility of the determined feedback capacity characteristic is verified in a behavioral simulation model. Making clear that the dynamic measurement analysis leads to a reasonable result for low voltage trench gate MOSFETs, the findings of this paper should be applied to high voltage devices.

   Fully FPGA-Based System on Chip Solution for Current Control of AC Machine.
By MONMASSON Eric; NAOUAR Wissem; PRATA Antonio; IDKHAJINE Lahoucine [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper presents the implementation of a current control for synchronous machine using the Fusion Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) from Actel Company. This component integrates analog peripherals such as ADC and also Flash memory blocks, in a single chip. The achieved implementation allows evaluating the efficiency and the integration capacity of a true System on a Chip (SoC) solution. An overview of the Fusion FPGA architecture is firstly given, followed by the description of the current control algorithm. In addition, this paper presents some experimental results enabling to illustrate the benefits of this fully integrated solution.

   INCREASE PEDESTRIAN SAFETY BY CRITICAL CROSSROADS LIGHTING MEASURMENTS AND ANALYZING
By ARMAS "Jelena" [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper describes the fundamentals of the image-resolved luminance and color measurement technique. Its aims and solutions are presented. The determination of image-resolved luminance and color measurements is the state-of-the-art in many applications, e.g. for road or street lighting. In today's devices, luminance and color measuring cameras are attached to high-quality Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) of digital cameras, each of which should be properly analyzed, calibrated and adapted to the light measurement. Light-measuring technology has developed into an important branch of light-measuring engineering. This technique provides effective solutions to a variety task in the field of light-measuring technology.

   Local temperature measurement by a close infra-red radiometric method
By DHOKKAR Sonia; LAGONOTTE Patrick [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The abstract is not available

   Optimising high frequency integrator operation of Rogowski current transducers
By METCALFE Joanne; HEWSON Christopher; WILLIAM Ray [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The high frequency (hf) behaviour of Rogowski current transducers is dictated by both the Rogowski coil and electronic integrator. Normally the Rogowski coil determines the hf response but when measuring small currents with a Rogowski coil of small cross section or low winding density the integrator behaviour can dominate. This paper describes this effect and subsequently presents a model and experimental verification of the high frequency behaviour of an optimised electronic integrator, including the effects of parasitic impedance, op-amp open loop transfer function and output impedance.

   Real-time estimation of fundamental frequency and harmonics for active power filters applications in aircraft electrical systems
By SUMNER Mark; CUPERTINO Francesco; LADISA Claudia; LAVOPA Elisabetta; ZANCHETTA Pericle [View]
[Download]

Abstract: A novel algorithm for fundamental frequency and harmonic components detection is presented in this paper. The technique is based on a real-time implementation of Discrete Fourier Transform and it allows fast and accurate estimation of fundamental frequency and harmonic amplitudes and phases of a distorted and noisy signal with fluctuating fundamental frequency. It is suitable for active shunt filter applications, when fast and accurate tracking of the reference signal is required in order to achieve a good control performance. The main application for the proposed algorithm is for aircraft ac power systems, where the fundamental frequency is 400Hz and its actual value can fluctuate around the nominal value, hence a real-time estimation of fundamental frequency is essential for accurate active filter control. The proposed algorithm has been first implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment for computer simulation, and then the simulation results have been validated by means of experimental tests on a three-phase system, where a voltage signal generated by a programmable power supply has been analyzed and processed by means of a digital implementation on a microprocessor.

EPE 2007 - Subtopic 08-2 - DS: Measurements and sensors
You are here: EPE Documents > 01 - EPE & EPE ECCE Conference Proceedings > EPE 2007 - Conference > EPE 2007 - Topic 08: 'Measurements and sensors (except speed and position sensors)' > EPE 2007 - Subtopic 08-2 - DS: Measurements and sensors
	[return to parent folder]

	A First Evaluation on the Usage of Threshold Triggered Magnetic Field Sensors for Current Polarity Detection in Power Conversion Systems By HOFMANN Wilfried; KRAUSS Sebastian	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Dead-time effects as consequence of the finite switching time of the power switches in power conversion systems have been investigated over a long period. Multiple techniques to eliminate or reduce the dead-time effect have been proposed over the last years. Beside the reduction of the semiconductor switching times, the main idea is to compensate the dead-time effect with the averaged dead-time error-voltage. A more feasible method is based on the knowledge of the phase current polarity, whereas only those semiconductors are active switched, which are able to conduct the current in the actual direction. The resulting commutation strategy, already known as one-step commutation, is suitable for Voltage Source Converters as well as for Matrix Converters. Beside conventional current sensors, based on the hall-effect, alternative techniques for phase current polarity determination, like the current detection adapted from the forward current-voltage characteristic of the used semiconductors, were described and tested. This paper focusses the potential of threshold triggered magnetic field sensors. Already known as sensor for discrete position and velocity measurement, the Pulse Wire Sensor seems to be suitable as information source for phase current sign. Next to a statistical investigation of the sensor parameter, a proposal for solution, concerning the two basic problems, which accompany the operation of this sensor, is given and verified with experimental results.

	A Wireless ZigBee-based Torque Sensor for an Underwater Power Generator By LINDH Tuomo; AHOLA Jero; SÃ„RKIMÃ„KI Ville; TIAINEN Risto	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A prototype of a wireless ZigBee-based torque sensor for underwater power generator was built and installed. The torque measurement is implemented using strain gages. A measuring unit and strain gages are rotating with the rotor and sending measurements over wireless ZigBee link to the receiver unit located at the stator. The measurements are sent over RS485 to a computer. In this article, design challenges and solutions are discussed, focusing on wireless data transmission.

	Analysis of Stator Voltage Observers for a Doubly Fed Induction Generator By THOMSEN SÃ¶nke; ROTHENHAGEN Kai; FUCHS Friedrich W.	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Observers for the stator voltage estimation of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) are described and investigated in this analysis. These are the Disturbance Observer (DO) and the Unknown Input Observer (UIO) with input reconstruction. They are analysed by simulations and laboratory experiments in two different reference frames. Both observers are extended to observe a bilinear system. A pseudo synchronised reference frame is proposed to improve performance. The results of the observers are compared to the results of an inverse model of the DFIG. It can be stated, that the stator voltage is well observed.

	Demodulation Methods on Fully FPGA-Based System for Resolver Signals Treatment By IDKHAJINE Lahoucine; MONMASSON Eric; BOUALLAGA Kamel; PRATA Antonio	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Their importance and reliability make resolvers key building blocks in flight control and navigation dynamics. This paper gives an overview of the different synchronous demodulation methods, for such devices and lists advantages and drawbacks for each one. A particular attention is given to implantation in the same device of both Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) and algorithm. This true System on a Chip (SoC) solution is realized by the Fusion Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) from Actel Company.

	Determination of the feedback capacity of a low voltage trench gate MOSFET from dynamic measurements By PETZOLDT JÃ¼rgen; LÃœBBERS Melanie; JACOBS Heiner; HEEB Michael; HÃ–CH Vera	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Information on transient transistor capacities - especially on the feedback capacity - is not only important for the calculation of switching losses and the driver design of automotive electronics but also for estimating their transient and their EMC behavior. However, data sheets supply little information on these capacities. This is why this paper presents a procedure for the determination of the feedback capacity from dynamic measurements. The plausibility of the determined feedback capacity characteristic is verified in a behavioral simulation model. Making clear that the dynamic measurement analysis leads to a reasonable result for low voltage trench gate MOSFETs, the findings of this paper should be applied to high voltage devices.

	Fully FPGA-Based System on Chip Solution for Current Control of AC Machine. By MONMASSON Eric; NAOUAR Wissem; PRATA Antonio; IDKHAJINE Lahoucine	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper presents the implementation of a current control for synchronous machine using the Fusion Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) from Actel Company. This component integrates analog peripherals such as ADC and also Flash memory blocks, in a single chip. The achieved implementation allows evaluating the efficiency and the integration capacity of a true System on a Chip (SoC) solution. An overview of the Fusion FPGA architecture is firstly given, followed by the description of the current control algorithm. In addition, this paper presents some experimental results enabling to illustrate the benefits of this fully integrated solution.

	INCREASE PEDESTRIAN SAFETY BY CRITICAL CROSSROADS LIGHTING MEASURMENTS AND ANALYZING By ARMAS "Jelena"	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper describes the fundamentals of the image-resolved luminance and color measurement technique. Its aims and solutions are presented. The determination of image-resolved luminance and color measurements is the state-of-the-art in many applications, e.g. for road or street lighting. In today's devices, luminance and color measuring cameras are attached to high-quality Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) of digital cameras, each of which should be properly analyzed, calibrated and adapted to the light measurement. Light-measuring technology has developed into an important branch of light-measuring engineering. This technique provides effective solutions to a variety task in the field of light-measuring technology.

	Local temperature measurement by a close infra-red radiometric method By DHOKKAR Sonia; LAGONOTTE Patrick	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The abstract is not available

	Optimising high frequency integrator operation of Rogowski current transducers By METCALFE Joanne; HEWSON Christopher; WILLIAM Ray	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The high frequency (hf) behaviour of Rogowski current transducers is dictated by both the Rogowski coil and electronic integrator. Normally the Rogowski coil determines the hf response but when measuring small currents with a Rogowski coil of small cross section or low winding density the integrator behaviour can dominate. This paper describes this effect and subsequently presents a model and experimental verification of the high frequency behaviour of an optimised electronic integrator, including the effects of parasitic impedance, op-amp open loop transfer function and output impedance.

	Real-time estimation of fundamental frequency and harmonics for active power filters applications in aircraft electrical systems By SUMNER Mark; CUPERTINO Francesco; LADISA Claudia; LAVOPA Elisabetta; ZANCHETTA Pericle	[View] [Download]
Abstract: A novel algorithm for fundamental frequency and harmonic components detection is presented in this paper. The technique is based on a real-time implementation of Discrete Fourier Transform and it allows fast and accurate estimation of fundamental frequency and harmonic amplitudes and phases of a distorted and noisy signal with fluctuating fundamental frequency. It is suitable for active shunt filter applications, when fast and accurate tracking of the reference signal is required in order to achieve a good control performance. The main application for the proposed algorithm is for aircraft ac power systems, where the fundamental frequency is 400Hz and its actual value can fluctuate around the nominal value, hence a real-time estimation of fundamental frequency is essential for accurate active filter control. The proposed algorithm has been first implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment for computer simulation, and then the simulation results have been validated by means of experimental tests on a three-phase system, where a voltage signal generated by a programmable power supply has been analyzed and processed by means of a digital implementation on a microprocessor.