EPE Association: EPE-PEMC 2006 - Topic 08: ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY

EPE-PEMC 2006 - Topic 08: ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
You are here: EPE Documents > 04 - EPE-PEMC Conference Proceedings > EPE-PEMC 2006 - Conference > EPE-PEMC 2006 - Topic 08: ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY

   [return to parent folder]

   A Novel Active Filter to Reduce Common Mode Voltage and Its Effects in Electrical Machine System
By Abdolreza Esmaeli, Li Sun, Wu Qun [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Mitigation of the adverse effects of PWM inverter through active filter technique is discussed in this paper. A PWM inverter fed ac motor drive system capable of suppressing all the adverse effects of PWM inverter based on active cancellation method is developed. An active EMI filter proposed for this system is characterized by sophisticated connection of two small separate filters, which they can mitigate common mode voltages produced by PWM inverter and can suppress leakage current. As a result small active filter with ability of reducing of all the adverse effects is approached. Whole system is modeled and simulated based on SABER simulator. Simulations are verified by experimental results, which show the reduction characteristics of the shaft voltage, bearing current, common mode current, and leakage current.

   Application of Simulated Annealing Algorithm in Common Mode Current Suppression
By Yanli Gao, Yonggao Zhang [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In PWM converter, the serious electromagnetic interference (EMI) is occurred due to high speed operation of switch devices. In this paper, production mechanism of common mode (CM) current in single phase full-bridge converter is analyzed, and severe affection to CM current owing to different transmission delays of two drive pulses is illustrated. It is proposed a digital CM current suppression method based on optimal drive pulses. A novel evaluation measure for CM noise level based on the energy of CM noise current is proposed. The relationship between CM noise level and the delay time of drive signals is studied. Simulated annealing searching algorithm is used to search for the global optimum of CM current energy. Simulated results show that CM current suppression based on simulated annealing algorithm (SAA) can regulate the delay time of drive signals without getting trapped at local minimums. It suppresses CM current level effectively and improves the EMC performance of PWM converter.

   Classification of Power Disturbances using Fuzzy Logic
By Boris Bizjak, Peter Planinsic [View]
[Download]

Abstract: With an increasing usage of sensitive electronic equipment power quality has become a major concern now. It has been estimated that after 2006 static power converters will be process 65% of the total electric power. Impulse and sags going to be risk for electronic equipment. Power electronic loads resulting from the solid-state equipment are constantly increasing in distribution systems. The non-linear nature of switching devices give rise to harmonic current flows in power transmission lines, thus causing considerable losses and voltage distortion, electronic equipment failure, and inefficient use of electric energy. One critical aspect of power quality studies is the ability to perform automatic power quality data analysis and categorization. Inherent features are extracted from recorded waveforms using Fourier and wavelet analyses and fed into a fuzzy expert system. In this work we present a technique based on fuzzy logic to categorize power quality events. The use of OPC (Object Linking and Embedding for Process Control) opens up the exchange of data across multiple historians. The categorization technique has been implemented using the Fourier, Wavelet, Fuzzy Logic Toolboxes in Matlab. We view XML as a roadmap to the future, which is why we use XML data format for communicating with other systems at WEB level.

   EMI Estimation for DC/AC Hard Switching Converter using Wiener Filter
By Piotr Musznicki, Jean-Luc Schanen, Pierre Granjon, Piotr J Chrzan [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper describes how the use of a specific signal processing method can help to estimate and understand the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) generation of a switched mode power supply. This method allows to estimate, from EMI measurements, the different transfer functions between each source of disturbance and the disturbances themselves. Thus, the EMI signals is decomposed and combined with independent source of disturbances. This method is based on the redefinition of the voltage source inverter switching states, and on the Wiener filtering theory. This new tool for fast EMI estimation and prediction is first described, and its performance is illustrated on simulated and measured data.

   High-Frequency Modeling of an Adjustable Speed Drive
By Yannick Weens, Nadir Idir, Jean Jacques Franchaud, Robert Bausiere [View]
[Download]

Abstract: The use of high frequency switching power devices in Adjustable Speed Drives (ASDs) induces high voltage variations (dv/dt) that excite the parasitic elements of the power circuit, leading to conducted emissions at high frequencies. The advent of these devices has thus generated several unexpected problems, such as premature deterioration of motor ball bearings and high increases in the ElectroMagnetic Interference (EMI) levels, caused by the circulation of the high frequency parasitic currents. This paper deals with high frequency modeling of an ASD system. This will be used to study the influence of the PWM inverter commutations on the level of the common mode and the differential mode currents between the power converter and the motor. First a shielded 4-wire energy cable model is presented. Then, a high frequency model of the PWM inverter and a model of the AC motor are proposed. Finally, the ASD system is simulated and the obtained results are compared to the experimental measurements.

   Mitigation of Conducted Emission of Power Electronic Resistance Welding Equipment
By Thoralf Winkler, Reinhard Doebbelin, Andreas Lindemann [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Resistance welding is commonly used in many branches of industry. To perform the welding process high welding currents up to about 100 kA are required which are supplied by dedicated power electronic converters in pulsed power operation. Concerning electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) aspects of such equipment the new European standard EN 50240 has to be taken into account. In the paper adapted noise mitigation measures representing an alternative to costly and bulky power-line interference suppression filters are discussed. Main emphasis is laid on a special grounding system offering internal bypass paths for disturbance currents.

   Passive Cancellation of PWM Inverter’s Adverse Effects in Electrical Machine System
By Abdolreza Esmaeli, Li Sun, Qun Wu [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Passive cancellation of PWM inver ter ’s adver se effects in electr ical machine system is studied in this paper . A PWM inver ter fed ac induction motor drive system capable of suppressing all the adver se effects of PWM inver ter to pr ovide a robust contr ol system is developed. A passive electromagnetic inter ference (EMI) filter developed for this system is char acter ized by sophisticated connection of two small passive filter s between inver ter output and motor which can compensate for common mode voltages produced by PWM inver ter and between motor neutral point and rectifier input which can suppress leakage cur rent. As a r esult small passive filter with ability of reducing of all the adverse effects is approached. The reduction char acter istics of the shaft voltage, bear ing cur r ent, common mode cur rent, leakage cur rent and EMI are approached by simulation and exper imental results.

   Power Quality at the Input of DC Motor and Controlled Rectifier Driving Systems
By Alexandru Bitoleanu, Mihaela Popescu, Mircea Dobriceanu [View]
[Download]

Abstract: This paper focuses on the harmonic at the network of the driving systems with DC motors and controlled rectifier. Notably, the total harmonic distortion factor (THD) is influenced by the rectifier commutation and by the load current filtering. We found these influences (thyristors commutation and filtering inductivity) concerning the waves of the currents in the secondary of the transformer and in the network and the waves of the voltage in the secondary of the transformer, as well as the correspondent harmonics spectra. The achieved MATLABSIMULINK model corresponds to a driving system supplied from a three-phase controlled rectifier. The numerical results are accompanied by experimental verifications, which validate the Simulink models and we done a comparison by IEC 1000-2-1 relation. The active harmonics filtering in dynamic state is discussed.

   Radio Frequency Emissions of Public Lighting Devices
By Zoltan Kvasznicza, Gyorgy Elmer [View]
[Download]

Abstract: Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) related measurements show that different types of electronic ballasts/starters built into public lighting devices with high pressure sodium lamps emit electromagnetic noises above the levels permitted by the relevant standards. Nowadays, measurement and simulation efforts have been performed, however, there are a lot of more aspects to be investigated. This paper describes radio Frequency Interference (RFI) related measurement sessions performed at the Pollack Mihály Faculty of Engineering at the University of Pécs. Sources of the emitted noises have then been measured by a near filed probe.

   Use of a Cz Common-Mode Capacitor in 2-Wire and 3-Wire Off-Line Power Supplies
By Hung-I Hsieh, Tien-Chi Lin, Dan Chen [View]
[Download]

Abstract: In a two-wire (no chassis ground) input off-line power supply system, a capacitor is often connected between the primary and the secondary side of the transformer for common-mode EMI reduction. For a three-wire off-line power supplies, such a capacitor, is also used sometime for the same purpose. It’s unclear how this capacitor works. In this paper, explanation of the noise suppression mechanism and effectiveness of such a capacitor is given. From the understanding of the mechanism, suggestions were made for the use of such a capacitor and output inductor placement to avoid the pitfalls and achieve desirable effects.

EPE-PEMC 2006 - Topic 08: ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
You are here: EPE Documents > 04 - EPE-PEMC Conference Proceedings > EPE-PEMC 2006 - Conference > EPE-PEMC 2006 - Topic 08: ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
	[return to parent folder]

	A Novel Active Filter to Reduce Common Mode Voltage and Its Effects in Electrical Machine System By Abdolreza Esmaeli, Li Sun, Wu Qun	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Mitigation of the adverse effects of PWM inverter through active filter technique is discussed in this paper. A PWM inverter fed ac motor drive system capable of suppressing all the adverse effects of PWM inverter based on active cancellation method is developed. An active EMI filter proposed for this system is characterized by sophisticated connection of two small separate filters, which they can mitigate common mode voltages produced by PWM inverter and can suppress leakage current. As a result small active filter with ability of reducing of all the adverse effects is approached. Whole system is modeled and simulated based on SABER simulator. Simulations are verified by experimental results, which show the reduction characteristics of the shaft voltage, bearing current, common mode current, and leakage current.

	Application of Simulated Annealing Algorithm in Common Mode Current Suppression By Yanli Gao, Yonggao Zhang	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In PWM converter, the serious electromagnetic interference (EMI) is occurred due to high speed operation of switch devices. In this paper, production mechanism of common mode (CM) current in single phase full-bridge converter is analyzed, and severe affection to CM current owing to different transmission delays of two drive pulses is illustrated. It is proposed a digital CM current suppression method based on optimal drive pulses. A novel evaluation measure for CM noise level based on the energy of CM noise current is proposed. The relationship between CM noise level and the delay time of drive signals is studied. Simulated annealing searching algorithm is used to search for the global optimum of CM current energy. Simulated results show that CM current suppression based on simulated annealing algorithm (SAA) can regulate the delay time of drive signals without getting trapped at local minimums. It suppresses CM current level effectively and improves the EMC performance of PWM converter.

	Classification of Power Disturbances using Fuzzy Logic By Boris Bizjak, Peter Planinsic	[View] [Download]
Abstract: With an increasing usage of sensitive electronic equipment power quality has become a major concern now. It has been estimated that after 2006 static power converters will be process 65% of the total electric power. Impulse and sags going to be risk for electronic equipment. Power electronic loads resulting from the solid-state equipment are constantly increasing in distribution systems. The non-linear nature of switching devices give rise to harmonic current flows in power transmission lines, thus causing considerable losses and voltage distortion, electronic equipment failure, and inefficient use of electric energy. One critical aspect of power quality studies is the ability to perform automatic power quality data analysis and categorization. Inherent features are extracted from recorded waveforms using Fourier and wavelet analyses and fed into a fuzzy expert system. In this work we present a technique based on fuzzy logic to categorize power quality events. The use of OPC (Object Linking and Embedding for Process Control) opens up the exchange of data across multiple historians. The categorization technique has been implemented using the Fourier, Wavelet, Fuzzy Logic Toolboxes in Matlab. We view XML as a roadmap to the future, which is why we use XML data format for communicating with other systems at WEB level.

	EMI Estimation for DC/AC Hard Switching Converter using Wiener Filter By Piotr Musznicki, Jean-Luc Schanen, Pierre Granjon, Piotr J Chrzan	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper describes how the use of a specific signal processing method can help to estimate and understand the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) generation of a switched mode power supply. This method allows to estimate, from EMI measurements, the different transfer functions between each source of disturbance and the disturbances themselves. Thus, the EMI signals is decomposed and combined with independent source of disturbances. This method is based on the redefinition of the voltage source inverter switching states, and on the Wiener filtering theory. This new tool for fast EMI estimation and prediction is first described, and its performance is illustrated on simulated and measured data.

	High-Frequency Modeling of an Adjustable Speed Drive By Yannick Weens, Nadir Idir, Jean Jacques Franchaud, Robert Bausiere	[View] [Download]
Abstract: The use of high frequency switching power devices in Adjustable Speed Drives (ASDs) induces high voltage variations (dv/dt) that excite the parasitic elements of the power circuit, leading to conducted emissions at high frequencies. The advent of these devices has thus generated several unexpected problems, such as premature deterioration of motor ball bearings and high increases in the ElectroMagnetic Interference (EMI) levels, caused by the circulation of the high frequency parasitic currents. This paper deals with high frequency modeling of an ASD system. This will be used to study the influence of the PWM inverter commutations on the level of the common mode and the differential mode currents between the power converter and the motor. First a shielded 4-wire energy cable model is presented. Then, a high frequency model of the PWM inverter and a model of the AC motor are proposed. Finally, the ASD system is simulated and the obtained results are compared to the experimental measurements.

	Mitigation of Conducted Emission of Power Electronic Resistance Welding Equipment By Thoralf Winkler, Reinhard Doebbelin, Andreas Lindemann	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Resistance welding is commonly used in many branches of industry. To perform the welding process high welding currents up to about 100 kA are required which are supplied by dedicated power electronic converters in pulsed power operation. Concerning electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) aspects of such equipment the new European standard EN 50240 has to be taken into account. In the paper adapted noise mitigation measures representing an alternative to costly and bulky power-line interference suppression filters are discussed. Main emphasis is laid on a special grounding system offering internal bypass paths for disturbance currents.

	Passive Cancellation of PWM Inverter’s Adverse Effects in Electrical Machine System By Abdolreza Esmaeli, Li Sun, Qun Wu	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Passive cancellation of PWM inver ter ’s adver se effects in electr ical machine system is studied in this paper . A PWM inver ter fed ac induction motor drive system capable of suppressing all the adver se effects of PWM inver ter to pr ovide a robust contr ol system is developed. A passive electromagnetic inter ference (EMI) filter developed for this system is char acter ized by sophisticated connection of two small passive filter s between inver ter output and motor which can compensate for common mode voltages produced by PWM inver ter and between motor neutral point and rectifier input which can suppress leakage cur rent. As a r esult small passive filter with ability of reducing of all the adverse effects is approached. The reduction char acter istics of the shaft voltage, bear ing cur r ent, common mode cur rent, leakage cur rent and EMI are approached by simulation and exper imental results.

	Power Quality at the Input of DC Motor and Controlled Rectifier Driving Systems By Alexandru Bitoleanu, Mihaela Popescu, Mircea Dobriceanu	[View] [Download]
Abstract: This paper focuses on the harmonic at the network of the driving systems with DC motors and controlled rectifier. Notably, the total harmonic distortion factor (THD) is influenced by the rectifier commutation and by the load current filtering. We found these influences (thyristors commutation and filtering inductivity) concerning the waves of the currents in the secondary of the transformer and in the network and the waves of the voltage in the secondary of the transformer, as well as the correspondent harmonics spectra. The achieved MATLABSIMULINK model corresponds to a driving system supplied from a three-phase controlled rectifier. The numerical results are accompanied by experimental verifications, which validate the Simulink models and we done a comparison by IEC 1000-2-1 relation. The active harmonics filtering in dynamic state is discussed.

	Radio Frequency Emissions of Public Lighting Devices By Zoltan Kvasznicza, Gyorgy Elmer	[View] [Download]
Abstract: Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) related measurements show that different types of electronic ballasts/starters built into public lighting devices with high pressure sodium lamps emit electromagnetic noises above the levels permitted by the relevant standards. Nowadays, measurement and simulation efforts have been performed, however, there are a lot of more aspects to be investigated. This paper describes radio Frequency Interference (RFI) related measurement sessions performed at the Pollack Mihály Faculty of Engineering at the University of Pécs. Sources of the emitted noises have then been measured by a near filed probe.

	Use of a Cz Common-Mode Capacitor in 2-Wire and 3-Wire Off-Line Power Supplies By Hung-I Hsieh, Tien-Chi Lin, Dan Chen	[View] [Download]
Abstract: In a two-wire (no chassis ground) input off-line power supply system, a capacitor is often connected between the primary and the secondary side of the transformer for common-mode EMI reduction. For a three-wire off-line power supplies, such a capacitor, is also used sometime for the same purpose. It’s unclear how this capacitor works. In this paper, explanation of the noise suppression mechanism and effectiveness of such a capacitor is given. From the understanding of the mechanism, suggestions were made for the use of such a capacitor and output inductor placement to avoid the pitfalls and achieve desirable effects.